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Bava Metzia 101b

בבא מציעא ק״א ע״ב

Learn Bava Metzia 101b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Bava Metzia 101b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Removing what one built on another's land, notice periods before ending a rental, and the landlord's and renter's duties

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a ruling about someone who put materials into another person's property and wants to take them back. In a house he may, but in a field he may not. The גמרא gives two reasons for the field rule: יישוב ארץ ישראל, or the soil the trees have already weakened. The two reasons give different results in חוצה לארץ. Next, a new משנה sets how long a landlord must wait before evicting a renter, depending on the season, town or city, and shops. רב יהודה explains that these periods are notice the landlord must give, and a ברייתא adds that the renter must give notice too. The גמרא then discusses raising the rent, special cases like a collapsed house, a sale, or a son's wedding, a story about a man who tricked a woman to store his wine, and why bakers and dyers get three years. A second משנה divides the landlord's and renter's duties for equipping the house. The amud ends with רב ששת starting to explain who prepares the place for the מזוזה, and his explanation finishes on the next amud.

Opening lines

בְּבַיִת – שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ.

In a house, we listen to him.

בְּשָׂדֶה – אֵין שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ.

In a field, we do not listen to him.

בְּשָׂדֶה מַאי טַעְמָא –

In a field, what is the reason?

מִשּׁוּם יִשּׁוּב אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל.

Because of the settling of the Land of Israel.

The steps (36)

  1. StatementHouse: he may take his materials; field: he may not
  2. QuestionWhy can't he uproot in a field?
  3. ResponseFirst reason: settling the Land of Israel
  4. ResponseSecond reason: the land was weakened
  5. QuestionWhat difference do the two reasons make?
  6. ResponseThe difference: outside the Land of Israel
  7. StatementNotice for evicting a renter in a town
  8. StatementBig cities and shops: twelve months
  9. StatementBakers and dyers: three years
  10. QuestionWhy is the rainy season special?
  11. ChallengeThen summer should be the same
  12. ResolutionReal reason: houses are hard to find in winter
  13. ChallengeThe latter clause about big cities challenges the 'few houses' reason
  14. Resolutionרב יהודה: the משנה is about giving notice
  15. ProofA ברייתא confirms the periods are for notice
  16. StatementThe renter must also give notice
  17. Statementרב אסי: one day into the rainy season
  18. ChallengeBut we said thirty days
  19. ResolutionOne day of the thirty days
  20. StatementA landlord may raise the rent
  21. ChallengeRaising the rent is just a hidden eviction
  22. ResolutionOnly when all rents went up
  23. StatementThe landlord's own house collapsed
  24. StatementA new owner must also give notice
  25. StatementThe landlord marries off his son
  26. StatementThe man who tricked a woman to store his wine
  27. StatementHe gets back what he did
  28. StatementEven a courtyard usually rented out
  29. StatementWhy bakers and dyers get three years
  30. StatementWhat the landlord must provide
  31. StatementManure belongs to the landlord, ashes to the tenant
  32. StatementA ברייתא lists the landlord's and tenant's duties
  33. QuestionWho is responsible for the מזוזה?
  34. ChallengeBut the מזוזה is the resident's duty
  35. QuestionRewording the question: who prepares the מזוזה's place?
  36. Responseרב ששת: the משנה already teaches it falls on the tenant