Berachos 26b

ברכות כ״ו ע״ב

Berakhot 26b

Learn Berachos 26b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Berachos 26b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Missing הבדלה in a make-up prayer, and whether the daily prayers come from the אבות or match the קרבנות, with their time limits

Overview

The גמרא brings a ברייתא about someone who missed מנחה on ערב שבת or on שבת and makes it up by praying two עמידות at night. The ברייתא implies that if he left הבדלה out of the first עמידה on מוצאי שבת, it does not count. A תוספתא seems to say the opposite: forgetting הבדלה does not require going back, because it can be said over wine. The גמרא leaves this as a קשיא. Then a new topic begins: רבי יוסי ברבי חנינא says the אבות instituted the prayers, while רבי יהושע בן לוי says they were set up to match the תמידין. Each side has a ברייתא. One ties שחרית, מנחה and ערבית to אברהם, יצחק and יעקב. The other ties each prayer's deadline to its קרבן, and it defines מנחה גדולה and מנחה קטנה. The גמרא clarifies that רבי יהודה's פלג המנחה is the midpoint of the later מנחה. It also explains that even רבי יוסי ברבי חנינא agrees the רבנן based the prayers on the קרבנות, as מוסף proves. Finally, the גמרא asks whether רבי יהודה's 'until four hours' includes the fourth hour, and the proof continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (22)

1. StatementMaking up a missed afternoon prayer around שבת
2. QuestionDoes forgetting הבדלה make a prayer not count?
3. ChallengeA source says you do not repeat for missing הבדלה
4. ConclusionThe contradiction is left unresolved
5. StatementThe אבות instituted the prayers
6. StatementThe prayers were set up to match the daily offerings
7. ProofBoth opinions have a supporting ברייתא
8. Proofאברהם set up שחרית
9. Proofיצחק set up מנחה
10. Proofיעקב set up ערבית
11. ProofThe deadline for שחרית follows the morning תמיד
12. ProofThe time for מנחה follows the afternoon daily offering
13. ProofWhy ערבית has no fixed time
14. ProofThe time for מוסף follows the additional offering
15. ProofDefining the early and late times of מנחה
16. QuestionWhich midpoint of מנחה does רבי יהודה mean?
17. ResponseA ברייתא: the later מנחה, eleven hours minus a quarter
18. ChallengeDoes this disprove רבי יוסי ברבי חנינא?
19. ResolutionThe אבות set up the prayers; the רבנן tied them to the קרבנות
20. ProofProof from תפלת מוסף
21. QuestionDoes 'until four hours' include the fourth hour?
22. ProofTrying to prove the answer from 'until פלג המנחה'