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Chagigah 2a

חגיגה ב׳ ע״א

Learn Chagigah 2a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Chagigah 2a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Who is obligated in the מצוה of ראייה (appearing in the בית המקדש on the רגלים), and what the word הכל in the משנה comes to include

Overview

The משנה opens מסכת חגיגה by saying everyone must come to the בית המקדש on the three רגלים, except for a list of people who are exempt. It then records two disputes between בית שמאי and בית הלל: how small a child must be to count as a קטן for this מצוה, and the minimum value of the עולת ראייה and the שלמי חגיגה. The גמרא asks what extra case the word הכל ("all") comes to include, and first answers: a person who is half slave and half free. Since רבינא exempts that person, the גמרא offers another case: someone lame on the first day of the רגל who healed on the second day. That case only works if every day of the רגל counts on its own, so for the other view the גמרא suggests someone blind in one eye. It notes that this goes against a ברייתא of יוחנן בן דהבאי in the name of רבי יהודה, who exempts such a person. Finally, the גמרא returns to the half-slave answer and explains that it and רבינא follow an earlier and a later version of a משנה. It begins quoting that משנה, and בית שמאי's reply continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

הַכֹּל חַיָּיבִין בִּרְאִיָּיה,

All are obligated in appearance,

חוּץ מֵחֵרֵשׁ שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן,

except for a deaf-mute, an imbecile, and a minor,

וְטוּמְטוּם וְאַנְדְּרוֹגִינוֹס,

and a tumtum and a hermaphrodite,

וְנָשִׁים, וַעֲבָדִים שֶׁאֵינָם מְשׁוּחְרָרִים,

and women, and slaves who are not freed,

The steps (12)

  1. StatementEveryone must appear on the Festivals, except a list of exempt people
  2. StatementHow small a child counts as a minor for this מצוה
  3. StatementMinimum value of the appearance offering and the Festival offering
  4. QuestionWhat does the word "all" come to include?
  5. Response"All" includes a half-slave, half-free person
  6. QuestionAccording to רבינא, what does "all" include?
  7. Response"All" includes one who was lame on the first day and healed on the second
  8. ChallengeThe lame-person answer only works for one view
  9. Resolutionהכל includes someone blind in one eye
  10. StatementA ברייתא exempts someone blind in one eye
  11. ResolutionBack to the half-slave: two versions of the משנה
  12. ProofThe משנה about the half-slave