Gemara Clarity

Chullin 46a

חולין מ״ו ע״א

Learn Chullin 46a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Chullin 46a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Injuries that make an animal a טריפה: a cut חוט השדרה (in animals and birds), a missing liver, and a pierced lung

Overview

This amud covers three kinds of injury that can make an animal a טריפה. First it asks whether שמואל's rule that a cut in the חוט השדרה is a טריפה 'until' the first פרשה includes that spot or stops before it. רב פפא and רבי ירמיה each build a follow-up question on one side of that doubt. A proof from a ברייתא is turned aside: the ברייתא is about the third branch only. Next, רבי ינאי and ריש לקיש disagree about how far down a bird's spinal cord counts, and עולא tells a story about בן פזי that might support ריש לקיש. The גמרא then turns to a missing liver. רב יוסף settles two משניות that seem to clash by assigning them to רבי חייא and רבי שמעון ברבי. רב פפא rules that a כזית must remain both near the gallbladder and where the liver is attached, and questions about the shape of that כזית end in תיקו. Last, the גמרא starts on a lung with a hole: it asks which of the lung's two layers counts, and says a hole in the outer layer alone is not a problem.

Opening lines

עַד וְעַד בַּכְּלָל,

Does 'until' mean until and including,

אוֹ דִּלְמָא עַד וְלֹא עַד בַּכְּלָל?

or perhaps until and not including?

בָּעֵי רַב פָּפָּא:

Rav Pappa asked:

אִם תִּמְצֵי לוֹמַר,

If you say,

The steps (19)

  1. QuestionDoes 'until' include the first branch area or not?
  2. Questionרב פפא asks about the opening of the branch
  3. Questionרבי ירמיה asks about the branch itself
  4. ProofAttempted proof: the branch is treated like flesh
  5. RejectionRejection: the teaching means only the third branch
  6. StatementWhere the spinal cord ends in a bird
  7. Proofעולא's story about בן פזי checking a bird
  8. ChallengeTwo משניות disagree about leftover liver
  9. Resolutionרב יוסף: the two משניות follow different sages
  10. Statementרבי זירא tells the fleeing sages where the olive-bulk must be
  11. Statementרב אדא בר אהבה: the olive-bulk must be where the liver is attached
  12. Conclusionרב פפא: we need an olive-bulk in both places
  13. Questionרבי ירמיה asks about a leftover in pieces or in a strip
  14. Questionרב אשי asks about a flattened olive-bulk, and the questions stay open
  15. Questionרבי זריקא asks about a liver hanging only by its membranes
  16. Responseרבי אמי: the detachment does not matter, both opinions are satisfied
  17. StatementA lung with a hole: which layer is meant
  18. Conclusionרב נחמן's memory sign: the red robe the lung rests in
  19. StatementIf only the outer layer is pierced, the inner layer protects