Eruvin 100b

עירובין ק׳ ע״ב

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Topic

Climbing trees and walking on grass on שבת; consent and kindness in marriage; חוה's curses and lessons from animals

Overview

This amud finishes the discussion of climbing trees on שבת. Two ברייתות disagree about a dry tree, and the גמרא concludes that a dead tree may be climbed in summer, when it is obviously dead, but not in the rainy season. It then narrows the permission to a tree with no fruit and no twigs, and explains that רב's stricter ruling in אפסטיא was a local fence. Next, רב אסי forbids walking on grass on שבת based on 'וְאָץ בְּרַגְלַיִם חוֹטֵא'. The גמרא then gives a ladder of answers to reconcile two ברייתות on this, and rules that following רבי שמעון it is permitted in every case. The same verse is then read as forbidding a husband to force his wife. רבי יוחנן praises a wife who asks for the marital מצוה, proving it from לאה and יששכר. The גמרא reconciles this with חוה's curses, explains how the ten curses are counted, and ends with lessons in proper conduct learned from animals, especially the rooster.

Opening lines

The steps (44)

1. ResolutionStaying in the tree is itself a violation, so he must come down
2. ChallengeTwo ברייתות disagree about climbing a dry tree
3. Resolutionרב יהודה: it depends whether the stump grows back
4. ChallengeA tree that grows back cannot be called dry
5. ResolutionSummer versus rainy season
6. ChallengeBut in summer, old fruit could fall off
7. ResolutionThe case is a tree with no fruit
8. ChallengeBut small twigs could break off
9. ResolutionThe case is a tree already stripped of twigs
10. ChallengeBut רב forbade even a stripped tree
11. Resolutionרב was making an extra fence in a careless place
12. Statementרב אסי: do not walk on grass on שבת
13. ChallengeTwo ברייתות disagree about walking on grass
14. ResolutionGreen grass is forbidden, dry grass is permitted
15. ResolutionBoth are about green grass: summer versus rainy season
16. ResolutionBoth are about summer: wearing shoes versus barefoot
17. ResolutionBoth are about wearing shoes: a spiked shoe versus a plain shoe
18. ResolutionBoth are about a spiked shoe: long tangled grass versus short grass
19. ConclusionToday all the grass cases are permitted
20. StatementA man may not force his wife
21. StatementForcing leads to unworthy children
22. ProofThe verse behind רבי יהושע בן לוי
23. ProofA ברייתא confirms both readings of the verse
24. Challengeרבא's advice seems to contradict the ברייתא
25. ResolutionWith consent versus without consent
26. StatementA woman who asks for the מצוה merits exceptional children
27. ProofIn משה's generation, 'understanding' men could not be found
28. Proofלאה asked, and יששכר's children had understanding
29. ChallengeThe ten curses of חוה seem to oppose רבי יוחנן
30. StatementThe first five curses: blood, raising children, pregnancy, and childbirth
31. ChallengeA woman asks only in her heart, and this is called a good trait
32. ResolutionShe shows her desire by making herself pleasing to him
33. ChallengeOnly seven curses have been listed
34. Resolutionרב דימי supplies the three missing curses
35. QuestionWhat does 'cut off from all people' mean?
36. RejectionIt cannot mean the ban on being alone with others
37. ResponseIt means she may not marry two husbands
38. StatementA ברייתא gives a different list of three curses
39. QuestionWhy doesn't the other opinion count these?
40. ResponseThese traits are praise, not curses
41. Proofרבי חייא: we learn modesty and gentleness from animals
42. Statementרבי יוחנן: Good behavior can be learned from animals
43. QuestionHow does the rooster appease the hen?
44. ResponseThe rooster's promise of a coat