Eruvin 35a

עירובין ל״ה ע״א

Learn Eruvin 35a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Eruvin 35a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

A locked-away עירוב with a lost key, and an עירוב that is lost or ruined before or after nightfall

Overview

The גמרא first fixes the wording of the משנה (חסורי מיחסרא). An עירוב locked in a cupboard with a lost key is valid on יום טוב but not on שבת. The fixed משנה also records a dispute about where the key turns up, in the city or in a field, which the גמרא explains with רבי שמעון's rule about one domain. רבה and רב יוסף instead explain the dispute between the תנא קמא and רבי אליעזר as a question of whether a wooden cupboard is a כלי or an אהל. They try to prove this from a משנה about a זב knocking on a cupboard. אביי rejects that proof, so אביי and רבא explain the case as a lock tied with a rope that must be cut with a knife. On that reading, the dispute depends on רבי יוסי and רבי נחמיה's rules about moving כלים on שבת. A new משנה then teaches that an עירוב lost or ruined before dark fails, but one ruined after dark still works, and it records a dispute about a doubtful case. The גמרא narrows the rolled-away case to four אמות, explains the pile-of-stones case so that it fits רבי, and shows why both cases are needed. It then begins explaining why the burnt and impure-תרומה cases are both listed, and that answer continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. ResolutionThe משנה is missing words: יום טוב versus שבת
2. ResolutionWhere the key is found: city or field
3. ResolutionExplaining the city/field distinction: רבי שמעון versus the רבנן
4. Resolutionרבה and רב יוסף: a wooden cupboard, vessel or tent
5. ProofLinking to the dispute about a זב knocking on a cupboard
6. ProofThe proof is completed: they argue whether a cupboard is a vessel or a tent
7. Rejectionאביי shows that for a זב, what matters is movement, not vessel or tent
8. Resolutionאביי's new explanation: they argue about shaking caused by the זב's own force
9. QuestionSo how do we explain the משנה?
10. Responseאביי and רבא: a lock tied with a rope that needs a knife to cut
11. ResponseThe first opinion follows רבי יוסי, so the knife may be used
12. Responseרבי אליעזר follows רבי נחמיה, so the knife may not be used
13. StatementNew משנה: an עירוב lost or ruined before or after nightfall
14. StatementIf we don't know when it happened: the donkey-driver and camel-driver
15. Statementרבי יוסי and רבי שמעון: A doubtful עירוב is valid
16. Proofאבטולמוס testified that a doubtful עירוב is valid
17. Statementרבא: The עירוב fails only if it rolled more than four אמות away
18. StatementAssumption: The person could still dig out the buried עירוב
19. ChallengeDoes the משנה disagree with רבי about rabbinic rules at twilight?
20. ResolutionThe stones can only be removed with digging tools
21. StatementWhy the pile-of-stones case is needed after the rolled-away case
22. StatementWhy the rolled-away case is needed after the pile-of-stones case
23. QuestionWhy teach both the burnt case and the impure תרומה case
24. ResponseThe answer begins: the משנה taught the burnt case