Gemara Clarity

Gittin 58b

גיטין נ״ח ע״ב

Learn Gittin 58b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Gittin 58b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Laws of buying land from a סיקריקון: proof of a willing sale, protection of a second buyer, אנפרות in בבל, and the owner's quarter

Overview

The גמרא brings a ברייתא of רבי שמעון בן אלעזר about buying a married woman's field from the husband and then from the wife. It seems to support שמואל, who says a sale needs אחריות, but רב reads 'אחריות' as just a שטר. Another ברייתא says that if a buyer from a סיקריקון used the land for three years and then sold it, the owner cannot claim it from the second buyer. רב ששת explains that the court makes the ownership claim on behalf of a buyer or an heir. The גמרא then teaches that land taken for a debt or by אנפרות is not under the סיקריקון laws, and that in בבל the אנפרות laws do not apply, because an owner who could complain to the government and stayed silent gave up his land. A story about גידול בר רעילאי, who paid three years of land tax in advance, ends with the ruling that he put his money 'on a deer's horn' and cannot collect. Finally, רב and שמואל disagree about how to measure the quarter that a buyer from a סיקריקון pays the owner. רב אשי defends שמואל against a challenge from a ברייתא of רבי's court, and a new statement of רב begins that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

תַּנְיָא כְּווֹתֵיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל,

It is taught in a ברייתא in line with שמואל:

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר:

Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar says:

לָקַח מִן הָאִשָּׁה,

If one bought a field from the wife,

וְחָזַר וְלָקַח מִן הָאִישׁ –

and then went back and bought it from the husband,

The steps (27)

  1. ProofA ברייתא that supports שמואל: the husband-and-wife field
  2. ChallengeDoes this ברייתא refute רב?
  3. Resolutionרב reads 'אחריות' as a bill of sale
  4. StatementThree years of use, then a sale to a second buyer
  5. ChallengeWhy should the second buyer be treated differently from the first?
  6. ResolutionThe court argues on behalf of a buyer
  7. StatementLand taken for a debt or by unjust seizure
  8. ChallengeDidn't you say the סיקריקון laws do not apply?
  9. ResolutionThe twelve months refer to the סיקריקון himself
  10. StatementNo seizure in Babylonia
  11. ChallengeBut we see seizure happening
  12. ResolutionNo law of seizure in Babylonia
  13. QuestionWhy does the law not apply?
  14. ResponseHe could have complained and did not
  15. StatementGiddel paid three years of tax in advance
  16. Statementרב פפא plans a collection document
  17. ChallengeThat would be the סיקריקון law
  18. ConclusionHe put his money on a deer's horn
  19. StatementThe later court's quarter ruling
  20. Statementרב: a quarter of land or of money
  21. Statementשמואל: a quarter of land equals a third of money
  22. QuestionWhat is the root of the disagreement?
  23. ResponseThey disagree about the sale price
  24. ChallengeA ברייתא: the owner may take land or money
  25. Challengeרבי's court: a quarter in land or a quarter in money
  26. Resolutionרב אשי: the ברייתא counts after the money arrived
  27. Statementרב begins a new statement