Gittin 62a

גיטין ס״ב ע״א

Learn Gittin 62a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Food swapping, a חבר preparing חלה and תרומה for an עם הארץ, dealings with גוים, and the story of גניבא

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a proof that the wife of an עם הארץ, who might even steal food, would surely swap food too. רב יוסף pushes this away: she takes only because she thinks she is allowed, like an ox eating while it threshes. Next the גמרא brings a ברייתא: a חבר may not prepare an עם הארץ's חלה or תרומה in purity directly. He may, however, prepare the plain dough or olives in purity, set the holy portion aside in a container, and let the עם הארץ take both. רבי יוחנן explains this was allowed to protect the livelihood of the kneader and the olive presser, and the גמרא shows why both cases are needed. It then explains why we need not worry that the עם הארץ will touch the holy portion: we warn him, he clearly cares, and the oil goes into vessels that cannot become impure. The גמרא then turns to the משנה: one may encourage גוים during שביעית with words only, may greet them, and on their holiday may greet them only quietly. The amud ends with the story of גניבא, who greets רב הונא and רב חסדא as 'kings' with a doubled שלום and refuses to eat before feeding his animal. With that, פרק הניזקין comes to a close.

Opening lines

The steps (33)

1. ChallengeIf she steals, surely she swaps too
2. RejectionShe thinks she is allowed, like the ox at the threshing
3. StatementPreparing the עם הארץ's dough and its חלה
4. StatementThe same rule for olives and תרומה
5. QuestionWhy was this allowed at all?
6. ResponseTo protect the workers' livelihood
7. StatementWhy both the kneader and the presser had to be mentioned
8. StatementThe ברייתא again: the עם הארץ takes both dough and חלה
9. ChallengeMaybe the עם הארץ will touch the חלה
10. ResolutionWe warn him not to touch it
11. ChallengeMaybe he doesn't care
12. ResolutionHe clearly wants to do it right
13. StatementThe oil case: the עם הארץ takes both the oil and the תרומה
14. ChallengeHow will the עם הארץ know not to touch the oil?
15. ResolutionThe oil is put in vessels that cannot become impure
16. ChallengeWhy does the ברייתא mention a חבר's vessel?
17. ResolutionIt means the עם הארץ's vessels that a חבר could use
18. StatementQuoting the משנה: encouraging גוים during שביעית
19. ChallengeBut רב said not to hoe with a גוי during שביעית
20. ResolutionThe משנה only allows words of encouragement
21. StatementHow רב חסדא and רב כהנא avoided saying 'שלום' twice
22. StatementThe משנה allows greeting גוים
23. ChallengeWhy say greeting is allowed if helping is already allowed?
24. ResolutionThe rule is needed for their holiday
25. StatementShould we stand up for גניבא?
26. Statementגניבא greets them twice as 'kings'
27. QuestionWhy call rabbis 'kings'?
28. Response'Through me kings rule'
29. QuestionWhy double 'שלום' for kings?
30. Responseעמשי's doubled greeting to דוד
31. StatementThey invite גניבא to eat
32. StatementFeed your animal before you eat
33. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק הניזקין