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Kereisos 20b

כריתות כ׳ ע״ב

Keritot 20b

Learn Kereisos 20b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

How the dispute about extinguishing and kindling coals on שבת is explained, and the start of a new פרק on which kinds of blood are forbidden to eat

Overview

The amud opens in the middle of the גמרא's search for the real dispute between the תנא קמא and רבי אליעזר ברבי צדוק. The case is a person on שבת who put out some coals and lit others. Three explanations are given. First, he meant to do both acts, and the question is whether הבערה brings a חטאת at all (רבי יוסי versus רבי נתן). Second, רבא says the dispute is about doing the acts in a different order than planned. Third, רב אשי says he meant only to extinguish, so the dispute is about דבר שאין מתכוין (רבי שמעון versus רבי יהודה). Next, two ברייתות disagree about someone who stirs coals to warm himself and they catch fire. The גמרא explains that they follow two sides of the dispute about מלאכה שאינה צריכה לגופה. Then the פרק of ספק אכל חלב ends, and a new משנה lists which kinds of blood a person is liable for eating and which he is not. The גמרא begins with a ברייתא that uses the פסוק 'of bird or of animal' to limit the איסור of blood, and first excludes human blood.

Opening lines

כְּגוֹן שֶׁנִּתְכַּוֵּין לְכַבּוֹת וּלְהַבְעִיר,

For example, where he intended to extinguish and to kindle,

דְּתַנָּא קַמָּא סָבַר לַהּ כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי,

for the first tanna holds like Rabbi Yosei,

דְּאָמַר: הַבְעָרָה לְלָאו יָצָאת,

who says: kindling was singled out to be a regular prohibition,

וְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בְּרַבִּי צָדוֹק סָבַר לַהּ כְּרַבִּי נָתָן,

And Rabbi Eliezer, son of Rabbi Tzadok, holds like Rabbi Natan,

The steps (12)

  1. ResponseFirst explanation: he intended both, and the תנא קמא follows רבי יוסי
  2. ResponseFirst explanation continued: רבי אליעזר ברבי צדוק follows רבי נתן
  3. Responseרבא: the dispute is about doing the acts out of the planned order
  4. Responseרב אשי: he only meant to extinguish, so this is the מחלוקת about דבר שאין מתכוין
  5. ChallengeTwo teachings disagree about stirring coals that catch fire
  6. ResolutionThe two teachings disagree about a מלאכה not needed for its own sake
  7. ConclusionHadran — Closing the chapter on doubtful eating of forbidden fat
  8. StatementKinds of blood that make a person liable
  9. StatementKinds of blood that do not make a person liable
  10. QuestionDoes 'all blood' include every kind of blood?
  11. ResponseOnly blood like bird and animal blood is included
  12. StatementHuman blood is excluded