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Kesubos 48b

כתובות מ״ח ע״ב

Ketubot 48b

Learn Kesubos 48b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

What handing a bride over to the husband's messengers (מסירה) accomplishes: inheritance, כתובה, תרומה, and her punishment for adultery.

Overview

The עמוד opens with the end of the משנה. A bride moves into her husband's authority once her father, or his messengers, hand her over to the husband's messengers. If the father's side still goes along with her, she stays under her father. The גמרא explains that the word 'לעולם' rejects an earlier ruling (משנה ראשונה) that let a bride eat תרומה once the wedding date passed. Then אמוראים argue about what the handing over (מסירה) accomplishes. רב says it counts for everything except תרומה, and רב אסי, רבי יוחנן and רבי חנינא say even for תרומה. שמואל says it counts for inheritance, and ריש לקיש says for her כתובה, which רבינא explains as her later כתובה being a מנה. A ברייתא then says the handing over works for inheritance, but she may eat תרומה only after the חופה, and this refutes everyone who allowed תרומה. רב אשי settles a contradiction inside that ברייתא: with nothing said, her courtyard means lodging and his courtyard means marriage. Finally, a ברייתא rules that a bride handed to the husband's messengers who sins gets חנק, learned from the words 'בית אביה'.

Opening lines

לִרְשׁוּת הַבַּעַל לְנִשּׂוּאִין.

to the husband's authority for marriage.

מָסַר הָאָב לִשְׁלוּחֵי הַבַּעַל —

If the father handed her over to the husband's messengers,

הֲרֵי הִיא בִּרְשׁוּת הַבַּעַל.

she is under the husband's authority.

הָלַךְ הָאָב עִם שְׁלוּחֵי הַבַּעַל,

If the father went along with the husband's messengers,

The steps (24)

  1. StatementThe משנה: when the handing over moves her to the husband
  2. QuestionWhy does the משנה say 'always'?
  3. Response'Always' rules out the earlier version of the law
  4. Statementרב: handing over counts for everything except תרומה
  5. Statementרב אסי: even for תרומה
  6. ChallengeObjection to רב אסי from 'until she enters the חופה'
  7. Resolutionרב defends רב אסי: handing over is like entering the חופה
  8. Statementשמואל: The handing over counts only for inheritance
  9. Statementריש לקיש: The handing over counts for her כתובה
  10. ChallengeIf כתובה means inheritance, ריש לקיש is just repeating שמואל
  11. Resolutionרבינא: Her next כתובה is a מנה
  12. Statementרבי יוחנן and רבי חנינא: The handing over counts for everything, even תרומה
  13. ChallengeA ברייתא is brought: when the father's side goes along, the father inherits her
  14. ChallengeThe ברייתא continues: once she is handed to the husband's side, he inherits her
  15. ChallengeBut for תרומה she must enter the חופה
  16. ConclusionA full refutation of all those views
  17. ChallengeThe ברייתא seems to contradict itself about an unstated purpose
  18. Resolutionרב אשי: her courtyard means lodging, his courtyard means marriage
  19. StatementHanded to the husband's messengers: punished like a married woman
  20. QuestionWhere do we learn this?
  21. ResponseThe source: 'in her father's house'
  22. ChallengeMaybe the פסוק only excludes a girl who entered the חופה
  23. ResolutionThe חופה case is already written openly
  24. ProofProving that 'married' here means entered the חופה