Gemara Clarity

Kiddushin 21a

קידושין כ״א ע״א

Learn Kiddushin 21a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Kiddushin 21a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Limits on redemption: borrowing or paying in parts (including for a מקדיש), and redemption by relatives for walled-city houses and an עבד עברי

Overview

The גמרא first settles two clashing ברייתות about borrowing money to redeem and redeeming in parts: one follows רבנן and the other follows רבי שמעון. It then defends the earlier lesson that a מקדיש also cannot borrow to redeem or redeem in parts. רב אחא בריה דרבא attacks the comparison to a walled-city house, and רב אחא סבא rebuilds it from what an ancestral field and a walled-city house share. מר זוטרא attacks that shared feature, and רבינא saves the proof with an עבד עברי sold to a non-Jew. Next, רב ששת rules that relatives cannot redeem a walled-city house. He is challenged from 'בכל גאולה תתנו' and from the triple 'יגאלנו', and the גמרא answers by reading those sources as being about unwalled houses and fields. Finally, the גמרא asks whether relatives can redeem an עבד עברי sold to a Jew. According to רבי they cannot. According to רבנן a proof is tried, rejected, and then the rejection is challenged.

Opening lines

הָא רַבָּנַן, הָא רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן.

This one follows the Rabbis, that one follows Rabbi Shimon.

תָּנֵי חֲדָא: לֹוֶה וְגוֹאֵל

One ברייתא teaches: he may borrow and redeem,

וְגוֹאֵל לַחֲצָאִין,

and he may redeem in halves;

וְתַנְיָא אִידַּךְ: אֵין לֹוֶה וְגוֹאֵל

and another ברייתא teaches: he may not borrow and redeem,

The steps (28)

  1. ResolutionFinishing the earlier answer: one source follows רבנן, the other follows רבי שמעון
  2. ChallengeTwo sources disagree about redeeming a walled-city house
  3. ResolutionSame answer: רבנן versus רבי שמעון
  4. StatementA memory aid for the questions coming next
  5. ChallengeThe comparison between a walled-city house and a dedicator can be refuted
  6. ResolutionRebuilding the proof from an ancestral field and a walled-city house
  7. ConclusionThe common feature applies to a מקדיש
  8. ChallengeBoth sources are weak in the second year
  9. ResolutionA Hebrew slave sold to a non-Jew proves the point
  10. QuestionCan relatives redeem a walled-city house?
  11. Responseרב ששת: relatives cannot redeem it
  12. ChallengeA ברייתא includes houses in redemption
  13. ResolutionIt means houses in unwalled towns
  14. ChallengeUnwalled houses already have their own verse
  15. ResolutionThe verse makes redemption a duty, following רבי אליעזר
  16. ProofThe source: רבי יהושע says redeeming is optional
  17. Proofרבי אליעזר says redeeming is required
  18. ChallengeWhat is the word 'בכל' for? Left unanswered
  19. Challengeאביי challenges from the triple 'יגאלנו'
  20. ResolutionThe extra redemptions are unwalled houses and fields
  21. ChallengeHouses in open areas and ancestral fields are already written explicitly
  22. ResolutionThe closer relative redeems first
  23. QuestionWhere רב נחמן's rule was said: may relatives redeem a Hebrew slave sold to a Jew?
  24. StatementAccording to רבי there is no question
  25. QuestionThe dilemma according to רבנן
  26. ProofProof from 'In all ... you shall grant redemption'
  27. RejectionNo, it means a slave sold to a non-Jew
  28. ChallengeThe slave sold to a non-Jew is already written in the תורה