Gemara Clarity

Kiddushin 33b

קידושין ל״ג ע״ב

Learn Kiddushin 33b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The laws of standing up for a רבי, a father, a ספר תורה and Torah leaders, and the start of מצות עשה שהזמן גרמה

Overview

The גמרא teaches that a תלמיד חכם stands for his רבי only morning and evening, so the רבי's honor will not exceed the honor of Heaven. It reconciles this with a ברייתא that an elder should not trouble people. רבי אלעזר warns that a student who does not stand for his רבי is called a רשע, and he learns this through a גזירה שוה of 'פני'. The גמרא then asks whether a son who is his father's teacher must stand for his father, and whether the father must stand for him. It also asks whether a rider counts as walking, and proves from a משנה about a stone with צרעת that he does. A קל וחומר teaches that one stands for a ספר תורה, and a story shows that people busy learning Torah need not stand, though אביי strongly opposed acting that way. רבי אבדימי teaches how long to stand for a חכם, an אב בית דין and a נשיא. Finally the גמרא returns to the משנה's rule about מצות עשה שהזמן גרמה and begins listing examples, a list that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

אֵין תַּלְמִיד חָכָם רַשַּׁאי

A Torah scholar is not permitted

לַעֲמוֹד מִפְּנֵי רַבּוֹ

to stand before his teacher

אֶלָּא שַׁחֲרִית וְעַרְבִית,

except in the morning and evening,

כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיֶה כְּבוֹדוֹ

so that his honor should not be

The steps (32)

  1. StatementStanding for one's teacher only morning and evening
  2. ChallengeBringing a ברייתא that an elder should not trouble people
  3. ChallengeIf standing is only twice a day, why worry about trouble?
  4. ResolutionOnly twice a day, but the elder should still avoid troubling people
  5. StatementA student who does not stand for his teacher is called wicked
  6. ProofShowing that this 'fear' means standing
  7. ChallengeWhy not the fear mentioned with interest or weights?
  8. ResolutionThe link is through the word 'פני'
  9. QuestionMust a son who teaches his father stand for him?
  10. Proofשמואל told רב יהודה to stand for his father
  11. Rejectionרב יחזקאל was a special case
  12. QuestionSo why did שמואל say it?
  13. ResolutionStand even when I don't notice him
  14. QuestionMust a father stand for a son who teaches him?
  15. Proofרבי יהושע בן לוי stood only for the נשיא's honor
  16. ProofInference: if my son were my teacher, I would stand
  17. RejectionEven if my son were my teacher, I wouldn't stand
  18. QuestionIs riding the same as walking?
  19. Proofאביי brings the משנה of the impure person under a tree
  20. ConclusionRiding counts like walking
  21. QuestionMust one stand for a ספר תורה?
  22. ResponseA קל וחומר: we stand for the Torah itself
  23. StatementTwo scholars stand up for רבי שמעון בר אבא
  24. StatementTwo reasons they did not need to stand
  25. StatementHis view matches רבי אלעזר
  26. Rejectionאביי strongly opposes this practice
  27. StatementA disagreement about the people watching משה
  28. StatementExplaining each side of the disagreement
  29. StatementHow long to stand for a חכם and an אב בית דין
  30. ProofFor a נשיא you stand until he sits down
  31. StatementReturning to the next line of the משנה
  32. StatementA ברייתא gives examples of time-bound positive מצוות