Gemara Clarity

Kiddushin 63b

קידושין ס״ג ע״ב

Learn Kiddushin 63b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Kiddushin 63b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The condition 'שירצה אבא', and how far we trust a claimant, a father, or a woman about קידושין, including for סקילה

Overview

The amud begins by finishing the גמרא's discussion of the condition 'on condition that my father wants.' The גמרא first reads it as 'my father stays silent,' then as 'my father will not object.' רבי ינאי accepts that this splits the משנה into two cases, and ריש לקיש draws a rule from that. רב יוסף בר אמי instead keeps one case, with a thirty-day window for the father to object. A new משנה then teaches that when a father forgot whom his daughter was betrothed to, a man who claims 'I betrothed her' is believed. If two men make the claim, both give a גט, or one gives a גט and the other marries her. רב says a lone claimant may give a גט but not marry her, while רב אסי, backed by a ברייתא, says he may even marry her. When the woman herself says she does not know, the claimant may not marry her, because she may be covering for him. The גמרא then asks whether the father's word can lead to סקילה. רב, רב אסי and רב חסדא disagree, and the amud ends as a ברייתא supporting רב חסדא begins.

Opening lines

עַל מְנָת שֶׁיִּשְׁתּוֹק אַבָּא.

On condition that my father stays silent.

אֵימָא סֵיפָא:

Say the last clause:

מֵת הַבֵּן – מְלַמְּדִין אֶת הָאָב

If the son died, we instruct the father

לוֹמַר שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה.

to say that he does not want it.

The steps (25)

  1. ResponseFirst suggestion: the condition means father stays silent
  2. ChallengeThe last clause shows silence is not enough
  3. ResolutionNew reading: father must never object
  4. ChallengeDoes the משנה now speak of two different cases?
  5. Resolutionרבי ינאי: Yes, it is two cases
  6. Conclusionריש לקיש draws a rule for explaining a משנה
  7. Resolutionרב יוסף בר אמי: one case, no objection for thirty days
  8. StatementNew משנה: father forgot to whom he betrothed his daughter
  9. StatementTwo men each claim they betrothed her
  10. Statementרב: Believed to divorce her, not to marry her
  11. Statementרב אסי: Believed even to marry her
  12. Statementרב אסי agrees when the woman herself does not know
  13. ChallengeThe משנה lets one of them marry her: a refutation of רב?
  14. Resolutionרב: With a rival claimant, he is afraid to lie
  15. ProofA ברייתא supports רב אסי
  16. ProofThe woman's own claim: the man who claims her may not marry her
  17. QuestionWould the father's word lead to stoning?
  18. Responseרב says no stoning; רב אסי says stoning
  19. StatementThe reasons behind each side
  20. Statementרב אסי agrees: no stoning based on the woman's own word
  21. Challengeרב אסי admits his own rulings seem to clash
  22. ResolutionThe Torah trusted only the father, not the woman
  23. Statementרב חסדא: no stoning in either case
  24. Proofרב חסדא is consistent: a father's word on his children's ages
  25. ProofA ברייתא that supports רב חסדא begins