Kiddushin 70a

קידושין ע׳ ע״א

Learn Kiddushin 70a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Kiddushin 70a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Proofs for who went up from בָּבֶל, the gravity of unfit marriages, and the story of רַב יְהוּדָה and רַב נַחְמָן

Overview

The מִשְׁנָה lists the family-status groups that went up from בָּבֶל with עֶזְרָא, and the גְּמָרָא looks for a פָּסוּק behind each one. רַב חִסְדָּא shows from עֶזְרָא that גֵּרִים and freed slaves came along. A first proof that מַמְזֵרִים came, from טוֹבִיָּה הָעַמּוֹנִי, is knocked down by three challenges. It is replaced by a פָּסוּק in נְחֶמְיָה whose place-names (תֵּל מֶלַח, תֵּל חַרְשָׁא) hint at people of flawed lineage. The same פָּסוּק leads to teachings about how serious it is to marry a woman unfit in lineage, especially for money, and to the rule that whoever calls others unfit is unfit himself. A story follows: a man who habitually called people slaves insults רַב יְהוּדָה, who puts him in נִידּוּי and declares him a slave. The man summons רַב יְהוּדָה to רַב נַחְמָן's court. During the visit, רַב יְהוּדָה keeps correcting רַב נַחְמָן, about public labor, showy words, and a woman serving or being greeted. The amud ends in the middle of another teaching of שְׁמוּאֵל, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (39)

1. ProofEnd of the verse from the previous discussion
2. QuestionWhere do we learn that converts and freed slaves went up?
3. Responseרב חסדא's verse about those who separated from the nations
4. QuestionWhere do we learn that מַמְזֵרִים went up?
5. Proofטוֹבִיָּה הָעַמּוֹנִי married into Jewish families
6. StatementThe view behind the proof: a נָכְרִי or עֶבֶד with a Jewish woman produces a מַמְזֵר
7. ChallengeWhat about the view that the child is כָּשֵׁר?
8. ChallengeMaybe יְהוֹחָנָן had no children
9. ChallengeMaybe they were in אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל all along
10. ProofA new proof from the פסוק in נחמיה
11. StatementWhat תל מלח and תל חרשא hint at
12. StatementThe end of the פסוק refers to an אסופי
13. Statementרבי אבהו: ישראל was meant to be like a כרוב but acted like a leopard
14. StatementSecond version: even as a leopard, ישראל stays precious
15. Statementרבה בר בר חנה: An unfitting marriage is like salting the whole world
16. Statementרב: Marrying for money brings improper children
17. StatementThe money from a money-marriage will not last
18. QuestionHow does 'month' show it happens fast?
19. ResponseA month comes, a month goes, and the money is gone
20. Statementאליהו ties him and הקב״ה whips him
21. ProofA ברייתא: אליהו writes and הקב״ה signs
22. StatementWhoever calls others unfit is unfit himself
23. StatementThe man from נהרדעא insults רב יהודה
24. ConclusionHe calls people slaves, so רב יהודה declares him a slave
25. StatementThe insulted man summons רב יהודה to court
26. Questionרב יהודה asks רב הונא whether to go
27. Responseרב הונא: not required, but go out of respect
28. Challengeרב יהודה challenges רב נחמן for building in public
29. Resolutionרב נחמן: it's just a small fence
30. Challengeרב יהודה criticizes the word גונדריתא
31. ChallengeCriticizing the word קרפיטא for bench
32. ChallengeSaying אתרונגא is a third of arrogance
33. ChallengeCriticizing the word אנבגא for a cup
34. ChallengeObjection to having דונג serve drinks
35. Resolutionרב נחמן: she is a minor
36. Rejectionשמואל said explicitly: no woman at all
37. ChallengeSend greetings to ילתא? A woman's voice is ערוה
38. ResolutionSend the greeting through a messenger
39. Rejectionרב יהודה starts to quote שמואל again