Makkos 19b

מכות י״ט ע״ב

Makkot 19b

Learn Makkos 19b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Laws of מעשר שני: lashes for eating it outside the wall or in טומאה, when it may be redeemed, and when liability begins

Overview

This עמוד is all about מעשר שני. First the גמרא finishes a question about learning a מעשר שני law from בכור through a היקש, and answers that the blood and meat of the בכור count as one thing. Next it explains that our משנה and the earlier one on 13a teach two different lashes: one for eating טהור מעשר שני outside the wall, and one for eating it in טומאה inside ירושלים. The גמרא then finds the source for the טומאה prohibition. It starts from רבי שמעון's ברייתא on 'לא בערתי ממנו בטמא' and finds the warning in 'לא תוכל לאכול בשעריך', read against the בכור. It then learns from the word 'שאתו' two laws: טמא מעשר שני may be redeemed even in ירושלים, and טהור מעשר שני may be redeemed even one step outside the wall. רב חנינא and רב הושעיא ask about a person inside the city whose load is outside, and the answer is 'ממילואך': the person and his load count together. רב פפא's question about a load on a reed stays תיקו. Finally רבי יוחנן teaches that lashes for eating מעשר שני outside apply only once it has entered the walls, and the גמרא begins a challenge from רבי יוסי's case of a כהן tithing one fig, which continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. ChallengeDoes the derivation work for the view that follows the teaching source?
2. ResolutionBlood and meat count as one thing
3. ChallengeWhy does the משנה repeat the law of מעשר שני?
4. ResolutionThe two משניות deal with different cases
5. QuestionWhat is the source for lashes for eating in טומאה?
6. Responseרבי שמעון reads the פסוק as covering both kinds of טומאה
7. Questionרבי שמעון does not know the warning against eating
8. QuestionNarrowing רבי שמעון's question to food that is itself טמא
9. ResponseTwo 'within your gates' פסוקים are set side by side
10. ResponseWhat is allowed for the בכור is forbidden for מעשר שני
11. QuestionHow do we know טמא מעשר שני can be redeemed?
12. Responseרבי אלעזר's source: 'carry' means 'eat'
13. StatementPure tithe may be redeemed one step outside the wall
14. ChallengeThat verse is already used for רבי אלעזר
15. ResolutionIf only eating was meant, the תורה would say 'eat'
16. ChallengeMaybe the word is only about carrying
17. ResolutionIf only carrying was meant, the תורה would say 'take'
18. ConclusionThe word teaches both laws
19. QuestionWhat about produce at the entrance of Jerusalem?
20. QuestionPerson inside, produce outside
21. ResponseFrom your fullness: the load counts as part of the person
22. QuestionWhat if the load hangs from a reed?
23. ConclusionThe question is left unresolved
24. StatementLiability for eating מעשר שני outside starts once it enters the walls
25. ProofThe source: the two neighboring פסוקים go together
26. ChallengeA challenge begins: the כהן who tithes a single fig