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Menachos 12a

מנחות י״ב ע״א

Menachot 12a

Learn Menachos 12a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 12a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

פיגול in a מנחה: the condition that the מתיר be offered כמצותו, and whether burning the קומץ can make lacking שירים פיגול

Overview

The amud opens with the end of the משנה's rules of פיגול for a מנחה. If, during any of the four עבודות, the כהן intends to eat or burn the offering outside its place, it is פסול with no כרת. If he intends to do so after its time, it is פיגול with כרת. This holds only if the מתיר, the קומץ, was offered כמצותו, with no other wrong intent mixed in. A place-intent, or a שלא לשמן intent in a מנחת חוטא or מנחת קנאות, blocks פיגול. רבי יהודה says that when time and place intents are mixed, whichever came first decides, while חכמים say it is always just פסול. The גמרא then asks whether burning the קומץ can make שירים that became חסר into פיגול, and whether it takes them out of מעילה. רב הונא says no, because a חסרון is a flaw in the item itself. רבא says yes, because the שירים are still inside the עזרה. רבא begins a proof from רבי חייא's version of a משנה, and his proof continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

פִּיגּוּל, וְחַיָּיבִין עָלָיו כָּרֵת.

It is piggul, and one is liable to karet for it.

זֶה הַכְּלָל:

This is the rule:

כׇּל הַקּוֹמֵץ [אוֹ] נוֹתֵן בִּכְלִי,

Anyone who takes the handful, or places it in the vessel,

הַמּוֹלִיךְ, הַמַּקְטִיר,

one who carries it, one who burns it,

The steps (17)

  1. StatementEnd of the previous ruling: it is פיגול and carries כרת
  2. StatementThe general rule: wrong place means unfit, wrong time means פיגול
  3. StatementThe condition: the permitting part must be offered properly
  4. QuestionWhat counts as offering it properly?
  5. ResponseExamples where it was offered properly, so it is פיגול
  6. QuestionWhat counts as not offering it properly?
  7. ResponseExamples where a place intent ruins it, so there is no פיגול
  8. ResponseNot for their sake in a sinner's or jealousy meal offering
  9. StatementMixing outside and tomorrow in one intention
  10. Statementרבי יהודה: the first thought decides
  11. Statementחכמים: order makes no difference
  12. QuestionCan burning make lacking leftovers פיגול?
  13. QuestionDoes the burning also remove the lacking remainder from misuse?
  14. Responseרב הונא: the burning does not work on a lacking remainder
  15. Rejectionרבא: on the contrary, the burning does work on a lacking remainder
  16. Proofרבא points to two versions of the משנה
  17. ProofWhy רבי חייא left out 'or an olive-size'