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Menachos 28a

מנחות כ״ח ע״א

Menachot 28a

Learn Menachos 28a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 28a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The מצורע's oil and לשמה; the משנה on parts that hold each other back; the materials of the מנורה and the חצוצרות

Overview

The עמוד opens by finishing a question about aiming the sprinklings: it depends on whether the כהן is facing the היכל. Next, two ברייתות disagree about whether the מצורע's oil is valid if sprinkled שלא לשמן. רב יוסף says one follows רבי אליעזר, who links the oil to the אשם and the אשם to the חטאת, and the other follows רבנן. That answer runs into the rule that something learned by היקש cannot teach by another היקש. So רבא says both follow רבנן: the sprinklings make the offering valid, but they do not count for the owner. A new משנה then teaches that the parts of the מנורה, מזוזה, תפילין and ציצית hold each other back, with רבי ישמעאל disagreeing about ציצית. The גמרא learns from the פסוקים that a מנורה made of gold scraps is invalid, but one made of other metals is valid. The weight, the decorations and the beaten-work rule apply only to a gold מנורה, though branches are always needed. Finally, the חצוצרות must be silver but may be made from scraps, and a new ברייתא about all the vessels begins and continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

הָא דְּקָאֵי מִזְרָח וּמַעֲרָב וְאַדִּי,

This one is where he stands east and west and sprinkles,

הָא דְּקָאֵי צָפוֹן וְדָרוֹם וְאַדִּי.

that one is where he stands north and south and sprinkles.

אָמַר מָר:

The Master said:

וְשֶׁבִּפְנִים וְשֶׁבִּמְצוֹרָע,

And those inside and those of the leper,

The steps (30)

  1. ResolutionIt depends on which way the כהן is facing
  2. StatementQuoting the ברייתא on לשמה versus aiming
  3. ChallengeAnother ברייתא says the oil is valid even without לשמה
  4. Resolutionרב יוסף: the two ברייתות follow two different תנאים
  5. ChallengeCan something learned by היקש teach by היקש?
  6. Resolutionרבא: both teachings follow רבנן, valid for one purpose but not another
  7. Statementמשנה: מנורה branches, lamps, and מזוזה passages are all required
  8. Statementמשנה continues: תפילין passages and the four ציציות
  9. Questionגמרא asks why the מנורה branches hold each other back
  10. ResponseAnswer: the תורה uses a word of 'being' about them
  11. StatementA ברייתא on the materials of the מנורה
  12. QuestionWhy are scraps invalid?
  13. ResponseBecause the תורה says מקשה with a word of הויה
  14. ChallengeBut gold also has a הויה word
  15. Resolutionתיעשה includes other metals
  16. ChallengeWhy not include scraps instead?
  17. Resolutionהויה is written on מקשה
  18. ChallengeBut תיעשה is also written on מקשה
  19. Resolutionמקשה is written twice
  20. ChallengeBut gold is written twice too
  21. ResolutionThe doubled words are needed for a different lesson
  22. ResponseThe ברייתא: a gold מנורה needs a ככר, cups, knobs and flowers
  23. ChallengeWhy not say branches are needed only for gold too?
  24. ResolutionWithout branches it is just a candlestick
  25. ResponseOnly a gold מנורה must be beaten work
  26. QuestionWhat does the second 'beaten work' come to teach?
  27. ResponseIt excludes the trumpets, as a ברייתא teaches
  28. ChallengeWhy is silver required but beaten work not?
  29. ResolutionThe word 'it' limits beaten work to the מנורה
  30. StatementA new ברייתא about all the vessels begins