Menachos 76b

מנחות ע״ו ע״ב

Menachot 76b

Learn Menachos 76b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 76b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

How many loaves different מנחות need, and whether changing that number makes them invalid; then the start of a new משנה on how much grain is sifted for the עומר, שתי הלחם, and לחם הפנים.

Overview

The גמרא finishes explaining שמואל's ruling that לחמי תודה baked as only four loaves are valid. He follows a ברייתא that lets most מנחות have more or fewer loaves than usual. רב הונא rules that a מנחת מאפה baked as one loaf is valid, because the פסוק spells מצת as if it were singular. רב פפא challenges him from שמואל's ruling, and the גמרא answers that the two simply disagree. A new משנה then lists how much grain is used to make the flour for the עומר, שתי הלחם, and לחם הפנים. The גמרא explains these amounts by whether the grain is barley or wheat, and new or old. A ברייתא adds that the flour amount must be exact, but the amount of grain may change. Next comes a משנה about how many sifters were used for each offering, where רבי שמעון says the flour is just sifted until it is clean. A ברייתא then teaches that for לחם הפנים alone, the flour or even raw wheat may be bought, because התורה חסה על ממונן של ישראל. The פרק ends, and the new פרק opens with a משנה on how much flour the loaves of a תודה use.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. Resolutionשמואל follows a ברייתא that allows changing the number of loaves
2. Statementרב הונא: an oven-baked offering made as one loaf is valid
3. Challengeרב פפא challenges רב הונא's spelling proof
4. ResolutionAnswer: שמואל's ruling disagrees with רב הונא
5. StatementNew משנה: how much grain is sifted for each offering
6. ResponseWhy the עומר needs three סאין for one עשרון
7. ResponseWhy שתי הלחם get two עשרונים from three סאין
8. ResponseWhy לחם הפנים gets one עשרון from each סאה
9. StatementChanging the flour measure disqualifies, changing the grain measure does not
10. StatementThe משנה: How many sifters for each offering
11. Statementרבי שמעון: No fixed number, just fully sifted
12. StatementHow the sifting worked: fine, coarse, fine, coarse
13. Statementרבי שמעון בן אלעזר: Thirteen sifters stacked up
14. StatementThe verse teaches that ready fine flour may be bought
15. QuestionWhat about buying wheat kernels?
16. Response'And you shall take' means in any form
17. QuestionDoes this apply to other מנחות too?
18. Response'It' limits the rule to לחם הפנים
19. QuestionWhat does 'because of the saving' mean?
20. ResponseThe Torah protects Jewish money
21. QuestionWhere is this idea hinted in the Torah?
22. ResponseWater from the rock was given to the animals too
23. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק אלו מנחות נקמצות
24. StatementHow much flour the loaves of a תודה use