Menachos 92a

מנחות צ״ב ע״א

Menachot 92a

Learn Menachos 92a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 92a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Which קרבנות need סמיכה, and whom the שעיר המשתלח atones for

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a question about נסכים: how much wine goes with a ewe? The answer comes from a משנה in שקלים, and a ewe gets the same amount as a lamb. Then a new משנה teaches that communal offerings usually have no סמיכה, except the פר העלם דבר and the שעיר המשתלח. רבי שמעון adds the goat for עבודה זרה. Private offerings do need סמיכה, except בכור, מעשר and פסח, and an heir acts as the owner. In the גמרא, רבי יהודה and רבי שמעון argue over which offering is the second of the two communal סמיכות that tradition requires. Their argument turns on whether the שעיר המשתלח atones for the כהנים too. רבי יהודה says it does, so the כהן גדול counts as an owner. רבי שמעון says the כהנים are atoned through their own פר. Finally, two ברייתות about סמיכה on the goats of עבודה זרה seem to contradict each other in רבי שמעון's name, and that contradiction continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. QuestionHow much wine for a ewe's libations?
2. ResponseAnswered from the token system in the משנה
3. StatementCommunal offerings have no סמיכה, with two exceptions
4. Statementרבי שמעון adds the goat for idol worship
5. StatementPrivate offerings need סמיכה, except three
6. StatementThe heir acts as the owner
7. Statementרבי שמעון: the bull and the idolatry goats get סמיכה
8. Statementרבי יהודה swaps in the שעיר המשתלח
9. QuestionWhy must רבי יהודה add a replacement?
10. ResponseA tradition of exactly two communal סמיכות
11. Challengeרבי שמעון: סמיכה is only by the owners
12. Resolutionרבי יהודה: the כהנים are atoned too
13. StatementEach follows his own known view
14. ProofThe ברייתא reads the פסוק as a list of everyone and everything atoned for
15. Statementרבי יהודה: everyone shares one atonement through the scapegoat
16. Statementרבי שמעון: the priests get atonement through the bull instead
17. ChallengeBut the verse lists everyone together
18. ResolutionThey are equal only in getting atonement, each in its own way
19. ConclusionSummary of the two opinions on atonement for כהנים
20. ProofA משנה that teaches רבי יהודה's view
21. ProofThe same משנה teaches רבי שמעון's view
22. StatementOnly the communal bull needs סמיכה, not the goats for עבודה זרה
23. Statementרבי שמעון: the goats need סמיכה, but by the כהן גדול
24. ChallengeA second ברייתא about the live goat seems to clash