Moed Katan 24a

מועד קטן כ״ד ע״א

Learn Moed Katan 24a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Mourning on שבת and festivals: which mourning signs stop, the rules of קריעה, private mourning practices, and the ban on relations during אבילות.

Overview

The amud opens with שמואל's answer to רבי יוחנן: there is no אבילות on שבת. Next, רב פפא corrects a report. Relations during אבילות are only אסור, and that ruling came from רבי יוחנן. The 'חייב מיתה' ruling of שמואל is really about an אבל who skips פריעה and פרימה, and it is learned from a פסוק in ויקרא. A ברייתא in אבל רבתי backs up the איסור. שמואל then lists which mourning signs must be dropped on שבת (פח״ז) and which are optional (נת״ר), and רב argues about uncovering the head. The גמרא explains שמואל's view through his unusual ישמעאלים-style head-wrap. It then tests his rule that tearing counts only בשעת חימום, and finds exceptions for a sage and for a parent. Next comes a מחלוקת about mending the extra tears for a parent. Then the principle that private mourning practices continue on שבת. The amud ends with שמואל's ruling like רבן גמליאל on holidays, and another version that places that ruling on a ברייתא about burying a baby.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. QuestionIs there mourning on שבת?
2. ResponseThere is no mourning on שבת
3. StatementA report in שמואל's name: a mourner who had relations deserves death
4. Rejectionרב פפא corrects the report: only forbidden, and said by רבי יוחנן
5. StatementWhat שמואל really said: a mourner who did not let his hair grow and tear his clothes
6. ProofThe source: the verse told to אהרן's sons
7. Proofאבל רבתי: relations are forbidden, and a frightening story
8. Statementשמואל's memory-letters for mourning on שבת
9. Statementרב says uncovering the head is also optional
10. ChallengeWhy are shoes optional but uncovering the head required?
11. Resolutionשמואל requires a special, unusual head-wrap
12. Statementרב נחמן shows how far the wrap goes
13. StatementShoes show he is not mourning
14. ChallengeTearing for a sage after hearing the news
15. ResolutionSages are always like the moment of grief
16. ChallengeA mourner tears new garments all seven days
17. ResolutionThe new-garment rule applies only to a parent
18. QuestionMay the extra tears for a parent be mended?
19. ResponseA dispute between רב אושעיא's father and בר קפרא
20. ProofAn attempt to show רב אושעיא's father forbade mending
21. RejectionHe may have learned it from his teacher instead
22. StatementA mourner may wear a torn robe inside his house
23. Challengeאביי questions רב יוסף mourning at home on שבת
24. ResolutionPrivate mourning practices do apply on שבת
25. StatementThe halacha follows רבן גמליאל on holidays and mourning
26. StatementAnother version places the ruling on the baby-burial ברייתא