Nedarim 66a

נדרים ס״ו ע״א

Learn Nedarim 66a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Openings (פתח) for undoing נדרים: שבת and יום טוב, רבי עקיבא's rule that a partly undone נדר is fully undone, honor, and mistaken vows about a woman

Overview

The amud opens with the last line of an earlier discussion: רבי עקיבא only meant that the שטר כתובה is never torn up. Then a new משנה teaches that a חכם may open the way to undoing a נדר by asking about שבת and יום טוב. רבי עקיבא rules that once part of a נדר is undone, the whole נדר is undone. The משנה shows how this works with a group ('all of you'), with a list ('this one and that one'), and with a נדר where the word קרבן is repeated for each person. It also covers vows against wine and onions made for a reason that turns out to be wrong. The גמרא says the list rule follows רבי שמעון, and רבי אבא explains that 'good' in the wine and onion cases is only an extra point. A second משנה allows a חכם to open a נדר through the man's honor and his children's honor. It also covers a vow against marrying a woman because of a false description of her, and tells the story of רבי ישמעאל, who made a poor girl beautiful. The גמרא explains that words are missing from that משנה: the story supports רבי ישמעאל's view that the vow can be released even if she became beautiful later.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. Resolutionרבי עקיבא only meant that the כתובה document is not torn up
2. StatementA חכם may open a נדר by pointing to שבת and יום טוב
3. StatementThe early view versus רבי עקיבא: a נדר partly undone is undone completely
4. StatementExample: a נדר against "all of you"
5. StatementA list of people: the result depends on who is released
6. StatementSaying 'offering' separately for each person makes separate vows
7. StatementA vow against wine because it is bad for the stomach
8. StatementThe same rule with onions, and רבי מאיר's ruling
9. QuestionWho wrote the rule that only the last one is released?
10. Responseרבא: the משנה follows רבי שמעון
11. ChallengeWhy say aged wine is good? Not bad should be enough
12. Resolutionרבי אבא: the משנה means 'and furthermore, it is good'
13. ChallengeThe same question on the onion case
14. ResolutionSame answer: 'and furthermore, it is good'
15. Statementמשנה: opening a vow through his own honor and his children's honor
16. Statementמשנה: a vow based on a false description was a mistake from the start
17. StatementThe story of the niece beautified in רבי ישמעאל's house
18. Statementרבי ישמעאל weeps, and the girls of Israel mourn him
19. ChallengeHow can a story contradict the rule?
20. ResolutionWords are missing: רבי ישמעאל permits even if she changed