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Niddah 65b

נדה ס״ה ע״ב

Learn Niddah 65b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Purifying pressing baskets and the length of an עונה; a bride's bleeding after the בעילת מצוה; telling נדה blood from בתולים blood

Overview

This amud finishes a ברייתא about getting olive and grape pressing baskets ready for use in purity. Less absorbent baskets are washed, while absorbent ones must sit unused for twelve months, or from one pressing season to the next. רבי יוסי gives faster methods: boiling water, hot olive water, or leaving them in running water for an עונה. The גמרא fixes the wording of the comparison to יין נסך, and then shows that an עונה is twelve hours in every season. Next comes the practical ruling of רב and שמואל: a groom completes the בעילת מצוה and then separates. This ruling is challenged from the משנה and from a story about רבי. The answer is that it follows a later vote of רבותינו, and רבי יוחנן and ריש לקיש ruled the same way. A ברייתא then explains that bleeding which continues past the bride's allowed nights must be checked. רבי מאיר says the two kinds of blood can be told apart by their appearance, while the חכמים say all blood looks the same. The amud ends with a new ברייתא about a woman who bleeds from marital relations three times.

Opening lines

הָעֲקָלִים שֶׁל נְצָרִים וְשֶׁל בִּצְבּוּץ — מְנַגְּבָן,

The baskets of palm leaves or of hemp: he cleans them.

שֶׁל שִׁיפָא וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי — מְיַישְּׁנָן.

Those of bast or of reeds: he leaves them unused.

וְכַמָּה מְיַישְּׁנָן? שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ.

And how long does he leave them? Twelve months.

רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר:

Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:

The steps (31)

  1. StatementWashing or resting the pressing baskets
  2. ChallengeIsn't that the same as the first opinion?
  3. ResolutionThe difference: early and late ripening
  4. Statementרבי יוסי's quick methods: boiling water or olive water
  5. StatementAnother method: running water
  6. StatementHow long in the water: an עונה, like יין נסך
  7. ChallengeThe comparison is backwards
  8. ResolutionReading the comparison the right way
  9. QuestionHow long is an עונה?
  10. ResponseFirst report: a day or a night
  11. ResponseSecond report: half a day and half a night
  12. ResolutionBoth reports mean twelve hours, depending on the season
  13. ResolutionReading רבן שמעון בן גמליאל as 'half and half' too
  14. ChallengeBut he said 'a night and half a day'
  15. ResolutionEither a night or half and half, depending on the season
  16. ResolutionSecond answer: the wedding case is different because of the כתובה
  17. Statementרב and שמואל: complete the first act, then separate
  18. Challengeרב חסדא challenges them from a story about רבי
  19. Questionרבא asks why רב חסדא did not just use the משנה
  20. ResponseA real case carries more weight
  21. ChallengeEither way, רב and שמואל still have a problem
  22. Resolutionרב and שמואל followed the later vote of רבותינו
  23. Proofרבי יוחנן and ריש לקיש also ruled that the groom acts and separates
  24. ChallengeShould a pious man not finish the act at all?
  25. ResolutionToo much fear would keep him away completely
  26. StatementContinuous bleeding past the allowed time requires examination
  27. Statementרבי מאיר is strict like בית שמאי in all these cases
  28. StatementIn the other cases, look at the blood's appearance
  29. Statementרבי מאיר explains how the two kinds of blood differ
  30. StatementThe חכמים hold that all blood looks the same
  31. StatementA woman who bleeds from marital relations three times