Gemara Clarity

Pesachim 10b

פסחים י׳ ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 10b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 10b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

חמץ that seems to have moved, רבא's questions on crumbs, animals and the effort required in בדיקה, and the משנה on when one searches

Overview

The גמרא first looks at חמץ that was put in one corner and later found in another. It ties this case to a מחלוקת in a ברייתא about a lost axe, and uses חסורי מחסרא to show that the ברייתא really includes a corner case. Next, רבא rules on crumbs found after a mouse or a child carried bread in. After a mouse you must search again, but after a child you do not need to. רבא then asks a ladder of questions about mice and a חולדה carrying bread in and out of the house, and these end in תיקו. He asks a second ladder about how much effort is required to remove חמץ: a ladder for a high beam, a ladder for a pit, and paying a snake charmer. These also end in תיקו. A new משנה brings רבי יהודה's three search times and the חכמים's make-up searches, even after פסח. The גמרא first explains רבי יהודה's view with three פסוקים, then drops that explanation after רב יוסף's objection. It concludes that the real argument is whether we make a גזירה against searching once eating חמץ is forbidden. It then begins to challenge that גזירה using the עומר markets, and the discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

הִנִּיחַ בְּזָוִית זוֹ

If he placed [chametz] in this corner

וּמָצָא בְּזָוִית אַחֶרֶת —

and found [it] in another corner

פְּלוּגְתָּא דְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל וְרַבָּנַן,

it is the dispute of Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel and the Rabbis

דְּתַנְיָא: קַרְדּוֹם שֶׁאָבַד בְּבַיִת —

As it was taught: an axe that was lost in a house

The steps (25)

  1. Statementחמץ placed in one corner and found in another
  2. ProofThe ברייתא of the lost axe
  3. ChallengeWhere does the ברייתא mention a corner?
  4. ResolutionThe ברייתא is missing words: the full version includes a corner case
  5. Statementרבא: a mouse with bread, then crumbs, requires searching
  6. Statementרבא: a child with bread, then crumbs, needs no searching
  7. QuestionA mouse with bread enters, and a mouse with bread leaves
  8. QuestionA white mouse enters, and a black mouse leaves
  9. QuestionA mouse enters, and a marten leaves with bread
  10. QuestionThe marten leaves holding both the bread and the mouse
  11. ConclusionThe questions remain unresolved
  12. QuestionA loaf on a high ceiling beam: must he use a ladder?
  13. QuestionA loaf in a pit: must he use a ladder to bring it up?
  14. QuestionA loaf in a snake's mouth: must he pay a snake charmer?
  15. ConclusionThe questions remain unresolved
  16. Statementרבי יהודה's three search times
  17. StatementThe חכמים: if you missed it, search later
  18. StatementPut away leftover חמץ carefully
  19. QuestionWhy three times for רבי יהודה?
  20. ResponseThree פסוקים about removing חמץ
  21. Challengeרב יוסף: the three times are only a window
  22. Challengeמר זוטרא's version of רב יוסף's objection
  23. Conclusionרבי יהודה also means 'if he did not search'
  24. StatementThe real argument: a decree after the prohibition begins
  25. ChallengeDoes רבי יהודה really fear people will eat? The עומר markets