Pesachim 49a

פסחים מ״ט ע״א

Learn Pesachim 49a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 49a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Removing חמץ on ערב פסח that falls on שבת or while traveling, which meals count as a סעודת מצוה, and choosing a fitting marriage

Overview

This amud opens with a משנה about ערב פסח that falls on שבת. רבי מאיר says all חמץ is destroyed on Friday, חכמים say it is removed at its usual time, and רבי אליעזר בר צדוק splits between תרומה and חולין. A ברייתא then tells of חמץ being removed on שבת itself in יבנה. A second משנה teaches what a person should do if he is on the way to a מצוה, to save lives, or on an optional trip and remembers he has חמץ at home. It also covers someone who left ירושלים with בשר קודש, and it ends with a dispute about the minimum amount that makes a person go back. The גמרא asks why the משנה treats a סעודת אירוסין as a מצוה when a ברייתא calls it optional. It answers in two ways: by assigning the sources to רבי יהודה and רבי יוסי, or, following רב חסדא, by splitting between the first and second meal. This leads to רבי שמעון's rule that a תלמיד חכם should not enjoy a meal that is not a מצוה. Next come teachings and stories about marrying a כהן's daughter, warnings about feasting, and advice to marry into a scholar's family. That last ברייתא continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (35)

1. Statementרבי מאיר: destroy all the חמץ before שבת
2. StatementThe Sages: destroy it at its usual time
3. Statementרבי אליעזר בר צדוק splits תרומה from regular food
4. ProofA story in יבנה: חמץ removed on שבת itself
5. StatementOn the way to a מצוה and remembering חמץ at home
6. StatementOn the way to save lives: just nullify it
7. StatementOn an optional שבת-boundary trip: go back right away
8. StatementSomeone who left Jerusalem carrying consecrated meat
9. StatementHow much requires going back: a three-way dispute
10. ChallengeA teaching that contradicts the משנה about a betrothal meal
11. Resolutionרבי יוחנן: the two sources follow different תנאים
12. ProofProof that רבי יהודה and רבי יוסי argue about the betrothal meal
13. ResolutionA second answer: first meal versus second meal
14. Statementרבי יהודה and רבי יוסי argue about the gifts meal
15. StatementA Torah scholar should not enjoy a meal that is not a מצוה
16. QuestionWhat kind of meal is meant?
17. Responseרבי יוחנן's examples: mismatched marriages
18. ProofWhy a priest's daughter marrying an Israelite is not a מצוה meal
19. QuestionWhat does 'not turning out well' mean?
20. Responseרב חסדא: widow, divorcee, or childless
21. StatementA ברייתא: early death or poverty
22. ChallengeBut marrying into אהרן's family brings wealth
23. ResolutionTorah scholar versus ignoramus
24. Statementרבי יהושע's humble reaction to illness
25. Proofרב אידי בר אבין's two ordained sons
26. Proofרב פפא became rich through marrying a כהנת
27. Statementרב כהנא: Marrying a כהן's Daughter Got Me Exiled
28. ChallengeBut You Were Exiled to a Place of Torah
29. ResolutionMy Exile Was a Forced Escape
30. StatementEnjoying Optional Feasts Leads to Exile
31. StatementThe Harms of a Scholar Who Feasts Everywhere
32. QuestionWhat Is the Bad Name?
33. ResponseFour Embarrassing Nicknames
34. StatementSell everything to marry a scholar's daughter
35. StatementA good match is like grapes with grapes