Pesachim 65a

פסחים ס״ה ע״א

Learn Pesachim 65a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 65a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The עולה and the יסוד; the 'lazy group'; rinsing the עזרה on שבת; and רבי יהודה's cup of mixed blood

Overview

This amud finishes a short derivation and then explains several lines of the משנה about the קרבן פסח. First, a פסוק shows that a קרבן עולה needs its blood placed where the מזבח has a יסוד. Next, a ברייתא calls the third group the 'lazy group.' The גמרא explains that although a third group was needed, each person should have hurried to be in an earlier one, as רבי teaches that a necessary role can still be less fortunate. The גמרא then asks who objected to the כהנים rinsing the עזרה floor on שבת. רב חסדא says it was רבי אליעזר, who treats sprinkling a floor as a Torah-level מלאכה. רב אשי says it could even be the חכמים, following רבי נתן, who permits only a necessary שבות in the מקדש. Finally, the גמרא examines רבי יהודה's cup of mixed blood. It defends the cup against two objections: that the floor blood was never received in a כלי, and that דם התמצית is mixed in. Then it brings רבי אלעזר's statement that even רבי יהודה agrees דם התמצית does not bring כפרה, and this challenge continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (25)

1. QuestionWhere do we learn the rule for the burnt-offering itself?
2. ResponseThe verse links the base of the altar to the burnt-offering
3. StatementThe third group is called the lazy group
4. ChallengeWhy blame them if a third group was needed anyway?
5. ResolutionThey still should have rushed to be earlier
6. Proofרבי: necessary roles can still be less fortunate
7. QuestionAgainst whose wishes was the floor rinsed?
8. ResponseIt means רבי אליעזר, since the רבנן would permit it
9. ProofThe source: רבי אליעזר treats sweeping and sprinkling as real מלאכות
10. ProofThe חכמים say sweeping and sprinkling are only a שבות
11. Responseרב אשי: the משנה can follow the חכמים, together with רבי נתן
12. Proofרבי נתן: only a necessary שבות was permitted in the מקדש
13. StatementWhy רבי יהודה had the כהן fill a cup with mixed blood
14. ChallengeThe Sages object that the floor blood was never received in a vessel
15. ChallengeHow could the Sages know the blood was not received?
16. ResolutionRereading the Sages' words as 'perhaps'
17. Resolutionרבי יהודה: I only meant blood that was received
18. ChallengeHow could רבי יהודה know the blood was received?
19. Resolutionכהנים are quick and careful
20. ChallengeIf they are so careful, why did blood spill?
21. ResolutionTheir speed is what makes it spill
22. ChallengeBut squeezed-out blood is mixed in
23. Resolutionרבי יהודה holds squeezed-out blood is real blood
24. ProofProof: רבי יהודה gives כרת for eating squeezed-out blood
25. Challengeרבי אלעזר: even רבי יהודה agrees it does not atone