Pesachim 70a

פסחים ע׳ ע״א

Learn Pesachim 70a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 70a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The חגיגה brought with the קרבן פסח on the 14th of ניסן: why it is optional, and how far בן תימא compares it to the פסח (eating time, roasting, which animal, and breaking bones)

Overview

The amud opens by finishing רב אשי's point: the חגיגה brought with the פסח on the 14th of ניסן is not a Torah obligation. The proof is that it is not brought on שבת, in טומאה, or when there is plenty of פסח meat. It is brought when the meat is small, so that the פסח can be eaten על השבע, when one is already full. The גמרא then notes that the משנה, which lets this חגיגה be eaten for two days, does not follow בן תימא. בן תימא treats it like the פסח and allows only a day and a night, based on the פסוק 'ולא ילין לבקר זבח חג הפסח'. The גמרא asks how far this comparison goes, and proves that for בן תימא the חגיגה must also be roasted. It must also come only from a male, one-year-old sheep or goat, like the פסח. Finally it asks whether breaking a bone of this חגיגה is forbidden. It tries to prove this from a משנה about a knife and a cleaver found in Jerusalem. The proof is pushed off by setting the case on שבת, that reading is refuted from the סיפא, and a new answer begins that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (22)

1. StatementThe Fourteenth's Festival Offering Is Not an Obligation
2. QuestionWhy Bring It at All When the Meat Is Small?
3. ResponseSo the פסח Is Eaten When Already Full
4. StatementThe משנה Does Not Follow בן תימא
5. Proofבן תימא: The Fourteenth's Offering Is Like the פסח
6. StatementThe Fourteenth's Offering Counts for שמחה, Not for חגיגה
7. QuestionWhat is the source for בן תימא's view?
8. ResponseOne verse covers both the חגיגה and the פסח
9. QuestionMust בן תימא's חגיגה also be roasted?
10. ProofProof from 'tonight it is all roasted'
11. ConclusionConclusion: the חגיגה must be roasted
12. QuestionDoes the חגיגה share the פסח's animal rules?
13. QuestionThe root of the question: eating rules only, or everything?
14. ProofA ברייתא: the חגיגה is like the פסח in every detail
15. ConclusionThe ברייתא follows בן תימא, so the comparison is total
16. QuestionDoes the ban on breaking a bone apply to the חגיגה?
17. ProofA knife and a cleaver found in Jerusalem
18. ChallengeThe משנה cannot follow the רבנן
19. ProofSo the משנה is בן תימא, and the חגיגה has a bone prohibition
20. RejectionNo: the משנה can follow the רבנן when the 14th falls on שבת
21. ChallengeThe later clause of the משנה already covers שבת, so the first clause cannot be about שבת
22. ResolutionA new answer begins: the case is one where the פסח came in a special way