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Sanhedrin 82b

סנהדרין פ״ב ע״ב

Learn Sanhedrin 82b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The end of the story of פנחס and זמרי, and whether a כהן who served while טמא is liable to מיתה בידי שמים

Overview

The amud finishes the story of פנחס and זמרי. פנחס tricks שבט שמעון into letting him in, and רבי יוחנן lists six miracles that helped him kill זמרי and כזבי. פנחס then argues with הקב"ה to stop the plague, which רבי אלעזר learns from the word ויפלל. The tribes mock his family background, but the תורה traces his line to אהרן, and הקב"ה has משה greet him with peace. The גמרא then gives more details about the sin and explains the real names of כזבי and זמרי. Next it returns to the משנה's case of a כהן who served while טמא. רב ששת proves from the משנה that he is not liable to מיתה בידי שמים. רב אחא בר הונא pushes back with the rule that people do not kill someone the Torah exempts, and he answers each of רב ששת's four counter-cases. The amud ends as רב אחא בר הונא starts a challenge from a ברייתא about Temple tasks done outside the מקדש, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

נִשְׁעָן וְהוֹלֵךְ עַל מַקְלוֹ,

walking along, leaning on his staff,

וְכֵיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ אֵצֶל שִׁבְטוֹ שֶׁל שִׁמְעוֹן

and once he reached the tribe of Shimon

אָמַר: הֵיכָן מָצִינוּ

he said: Where do we find

שֶׁשִּׁבְטוֹ שֶׁל לֵוִי גָּדוֹל מִשֶּׁל שִׁמְעוֹן?

that the tribe of Levi is greater than that of Shimon?

The steps (28)

  1. Statementפנחס walks up to the tribe of שמעון
  2. Statementשבט שמעון lets him in
  3. StatementSix miracles done for פנחס
  4. Statementפנחס protests before הקב"ה
  5. ProofThe פסוק in תהלים describes this
  6. Statementרבי אלעזר: פנחס argued a case with his Creator
  7. Conclusionהקב"ה defends פנחס against the angels
  8. ChallengeThe tribes mock פנחס
  9. ResolutionThe פסוק traces his lineage to אהרן
  10. Statementהקב"ה tells משה to greet פנחס with peace
  11. Statementרב reads זרזיר as 424 and explains why פנחס waited
  12. StatementA ברייתא says sixty times
  13. Statementרב כהנא and רב יוסף add details about כזבי
  14. Statementכזבי's real name and why she was called כזבי
  15. ProofFolk sayings that use the name שוילנאי
  16. StatementThe five names of זמרי
  17. QuestionIs a כהן who served while טמא liable to מיתה בידי שמים?
  18. Responseרב ששת proves from the משנה that the כהן is not liable
  19. RejectionCan people kill someone the Torah exempts?
  20. ChallengeThe case of one flogged who sinned again
  21. ResolutionThat case deals with sins punished by כרת
  22. ChallengeThe case of one who steals the קסוה
  23. ResolutionThe קסוה is a כלי שרת, hinted to in a פסוק
  24. ChallengeThe case of one who curses with the sorcerer
  25. ResolutionThat curse is really aimed at ה׳'s Name
  26. ChallengeThe fourth case: one who lives with a non-Jewish woman
  27. ResolutionA dream and רב's tradition show this sin carries כרת
  28. ChallengeA ברייתא about Temple tasks done outside the מקדש