Shabbos 11b

שבת י״א ע״ב

Shabbat 11b

Learn Shabbos 11b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 11b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whether the Sages make a גזירה לגזירה (כרמלית, the tailor's needle), and when carrying an object like a זב's pouch counts as Torah-level carrying

Overview

The amud opens with the end of a משנה from עירובין: you may not stand in one domain and drink from another unless your head and most of your body are inside, 'and the same is true in the wine press.' The גמרא asks whether this ban also covers a כרמלית. אביי says yes. רבא says no, because we do not make a גזירה לגזירה. אביי tries to prove his view from 'וכן בגת', but רבא and רב ששת read that line as a rule about מעשר, and the tithe משנה about drinking at the press is quoted. The גמרא then tries to support אביי from the ban on a tailor going out with his needle before Shabbat. Each proof is turned away, and the last one is explained as following רבי יהודה, who holds that a craftsman carrying in his trade's usual way is liable. This leads to two contradictory ברייתות about a זב going out with his pouch. רב יוסף's answer that they follow רבי מאיר and רבי יהודה is rejected by אביי. רב המנונא instead distinguishes a זב with two sightings from one with three. רבי זירא defends that answer by saying this תנא does not count preventing dirt as a real purpose, and he begins quoting a משנה about a bowl on a wall, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. StatementEnd of the quoted source: the same is true in the wine press
2. QuestionWhat about a כרמלית?
3. Responseאביי: the same rule applies
4. Responseרבא: no decree on top of a decree
5. Proofאביי's proof from the wine press
6. Rejectionרבא: the wine press clause is about tithes
7. Statementרב ששת agrees: the clause is about tithes
8. ProofThe tithe source: רבי מאיר exempts drinking at the press
9. StatementThe other opinions: רבי אלעזר ברבי צדוק and the חכמים
10. ProofProof from the tailor's needle in the משנה
11. RejectionNo, he is holding the needle in his hand
12. ProofProof from a teaching that says 'stuck in his clothing'
13. RejectionNo, that teaching is about Shabbat itself
14. ProofProof from a teaching that clearly says Friday at nightfall
15. RejectionThat teaching follows רבי יהודה's view about craftsmen
16. ProofThe teaching where רבי מאיר and רבי יהודה argue about craftsmen
17. ChallengeTwo teachings disagree about a זב going out with his pouch
18. Resolutionרב יוסף: The Two ברייתות Follow Different תנאים
19. Challengeאביי: רבי מאיר Only Exempted an Unusual Way of Carrying
20. ProofProof from a הדיוט Who Carves a קב in Wood
21. Resolutionרב המנונא: A זב of Two Sightings vs. a זב of Three
22. ChallengeA זב of Three Sightings Still Needs the Pouch for Counting
23. ResolutionThe Exempt Case Is the Day of the Third Sighting
24. ChallengeThe pouch still keeps his clothes clean
25. ResolutionThis תנא holds that preventing dirt is not a real purpose
26. ProofSource: the bowl turned over on the wall