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Shabbos 79a

שבת ע״ט ע״א

Shabbat 79a

Learn Shabbos 79a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 79a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The paid שטר dispute, and the שיעור for carrying hide whether raw or processed

Overview

This amud opens with the last words of an earlier explanation of the dispute between the תנא קמא and רבי יהודה about carrying a שטר that was already paid. רבא explains the dispute as a question of whether we write a שובר, and רב אשי says the paid note is useful to show a second lender. The גמרא then turns to the line in the משנה about hide. רבא asks רב נחמן about the שיעור for carrying hide, tanning it, carrying it in order to tan it, and carrying it with no plan to tan it. Each time רב נחמן answers 'לא שנא': enough to make a קמיע. The גמרא proves this from a משנה about wool, where material meant to be spun is measured like spun thread. רבא challenges this ruling from dyes, seeds and clay, and each challenge is answered with the idea of אין אדם טורח: people do not bother preparing such a tiny amount. Two more challenges follow, from עולא's three stages of hide and from a תוספתא that gives hide a measure of five by five. The גמרא answers that those sources refer to special kinds of hide, wet fresh hide and קורטובלא.

Opening lines

עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר לֹוֶה

Until the borrower says

״פָּרַעְתִּי״ וְ״לֹא פָּרַעְתִּי״.

'I paid' or 'I did not pay.'

רָבָא אָמַר:

Rava said:

דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא מוֹדֶה בִּשְׁטָר שֶׁכְּתָבוֹ —

Everyone agrees that one who admits a note that he wrote —

The steps (28)

  1. StatementEnd of the earlier explanation: until the borrower says 'I paid' or 'I did not pay'
  2. Statementרבא: everyone agrees the note needs ratification; the dispute is about writing a receipt
  3. Statementרב אשי: he needs the paid note to show a second lender
  4. StatementQuoting the משנה: hide, enough to make an amulet
  5. Questionרבא asks רב נחמן: how much hide makes one liable for carrying?
  6. Responseרב נחמן: as the משנה says, enough for an amulet
  7. QuestionHow much hide makes one liable for tanning? The same measure
  8. QuestionCarrying raw hide in order to tan it: the same measure
  9. QuestionWhat is the source for this?
  10. ProofThe משנה about wool: whitening, combing, dyeing, and spinning use the same measure as weaving
  11. ProofThe inference: wool meant for spinning is measured like spun thread
  12. ConclusionApplying it to hide: hide meant for tanning is measured like tanned hide
  13. QuestionCarrying hide with no plan to tan it: still the same measure
  14. Challengeרבא challenges from soaked and unsoaked dyes
  15. ResolutionPeople do not soak dye for such a tiny amount
  16. ChallengeChallenge from garden seeds before and after sowing
  17. Resolutionרב פפא: nobody carries one seed to plant
  18. ChallengeChallenge from clay before and after kneading
  19. ResolutionNobody kneads clay just for a crucible opening
  20. Proofעולא's three stages of hide, starting with raw מצה
  21. QuestionThe measure for raw hide: enough to wrap a small weight
  22. Responseאביי defines the small weight
  23. ProofDefining חיפה Hide and Its Measure
  24. ProofDefining דיפתרא Hide and Its Measure
  25. ChallengeRaw Hide Has a Different Measure Than Processed Hide
  26. ResolutionThat Source Means Wet, Fresh Hide
  27. ChallengeA תוספתא Gives Hide a Much Larger Measure
  28. ResolutionThat תוספתא Means קורטובלא Hide