Gemara Clarity

Shabbos 84a

שבת פ״ד ע״א

Shabbat 84a

Learn Shabbos 84a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 84a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whether moving by oxen counts as 'carrying' for the boat law of חנניא; the wagon and chest categories of טומאה; the ברייתא on מדרס of earthenware and ships (רב זביד vs. רב פפא); and the source that a כלי חרס cannot become impure through מדרס.

Overview

The גמרא continues the discussion of the Jordan boat. חנניא holds that a boat can become impure because it is moved both full and empty. The גמרא asks whether being moved by oxen counts as being carried, and proves that it does from a משנה about three types of wagons, which it quotes along with that משנה's list of three types of chests. Next comes a ברייתא: an earthenware vessel does not become impure through מדרס, and רבי יוסי says 'even the ship.' רב זביד explains this one way, רב פפא objects from the word 'אף', and רב פפא offers a reading in which רבי יוסי follows חנניא. The גמרא then asks for the source that a כלי חרס is immune to מדרס. חזקיה and דבי רבי ישמעאל each bring a פסוק comparing the bed to the person: only something that can be purified in a מקוה can become a מדרס. Finally, רבי אילעא begins an objection from a teaching about a reed mat, and the challenge continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

וְלַחֲנַנְיָא טִילְטוּל עַל יְדֵי שְׁוָורִים

And according to Ḥananya, carrying by means of oxen,

שְׁמֵיהּ טִילְטוּל?

is it considered carrying?

אִין דִּתְנַן:

Yes, as we learned in a mishna:

שָׁלֹשׁ עֲגָלוֹת הֵן.

There are three types of wagons.

The steps (12)

  1. QuestionDoes moving by oxen count as carrying for חנניא?
  2. ResponseYes: proof from the three types of wagons
  3. StatementThe rest of the משנה: three types of chests
  4. Statementברייתא: earthenware is immune to מדרס, 'even the ship'
  5. QuestionWhat is the ברייתא saying?
  6. Responseרב זביד: the earthenware ship is impure for the תנא קמא, pure for רבי יוסי
  7. Challengeרב פפא objects: what does 'אף' mean?
  8. Resolutionרב פפא's reading: wood is impure, and רבי יוסי adds the ship
  9. QuestionWhere do we learn that earthenware is immune to מדרס?
  10. Responseחזקיה: the bed is compared to the person, so it must be purifiable in a מקוה
  11. ResponseSchool of רבי ישמעאל: A second source from the woman's bed
  12. Challengeרבי אילעא opens a challenge about a reed mat