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Shevuos 22b

שבועות כ״ב ע״ב

Shevuot 22b

Learn Shevuos 22b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

מעילה with קונמות, how much one must eat to break an oath, and a new משנה on oaths about eating and drinking

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a ברייתא about whether מעילה applies to things forbidden by a קונם. The גמרא reverses the opinions so that רבי מאיר says there is no מעילה with קונמות. It then explains that his statement 'קונמות כשבועות' was only an argument made according to the view of חכמים. חכמים answer that the reasoning of רב פנחס applies to שבועות but not to קונמות. Next רבא rules that eating dirt does not break a general oath not to eat. He then asks how much dirt or grape seed breaks an oath that names them, and both questions end in תיקו. רב אשי asks the same question about a נזיר and a grape seed. It is answered from ריש לקיש's words: a plain oath on an already-forbidden food means a כזית. The proof does not carry over to dirt, because dirt is not food at all. A new משנה then teaches how many קרבנות a person owes for breaking oaths about eating and drinking, and how inedible and forbidden foods are treated. The גמרא opens with שמואל's rule that drinking breaks an oath not to eat, supported both by logic and by a פסוק.

Opening lines

וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים:

And the Rabbis say:

בֵּין הוּא וּבֵין חֲבֵירוֹ לֹא מָעַל,

both he and his fellow did not commit misuse,

לְפִי שֶׁאֵין מְעִילָה בְּקוּנָּמוֹת.

because there is no misuse with konamot.

אֵיפוֹךְ:

Reverse it:

The steps (22)

  1. Statementחכמים say there is no מעילה with a קונם
  2. ResolutionReverse the opinions in the ברייתא
  3. ChallengeHow can רבי מאיר compare קונמות to שבועות?
  4. Resolutionרבי מאיר was arguing by חכמים's own view
  5. ResolutionWhy חכמים treat שבועות and קונמות differently
  6. StatementAn oath not to eat does not cover eating dirt
  7. QuestionHow much dirt breaks an oath not to eat dirt
  8. QuestionHow much grape seed breaks an oath not to eat grape seeds
  9. QuestionA נזיר who swears not to eat a grape seed
  10. ProofBringing a משנה about swearing not to eat and then eating non-kosher food
  11. ChallengeHow can the oath work on food that is already forbidden?
  12. Resolutionרב, שמואל and רבי יוחנן: he also included permitted foods
  13. Resolutionריש לקיש: specifying a half-measure, or following רבי עקיבא
  14. ProofProof: with nothing specified, the oath means a כזית
  15. ChallengeThen רבא's question about dirt should be solved too
  16. RejectionDirt is not food, but a carcass is
  17. StatementHow many offerings for breaking an oath about eating and drinking
  18. StatementInedible foods and forbidden foods under an oath
  19. StatementA קונם on his wife that depends on whether he ate
  20. Statementשמואל: drinking breaks an oath not to eat
  21. ProofProof from logic: everyday speech counts drinking as eating
  22. ProofProof from a פסוק: ריש לקיש shows drinking is included in eating