Shevuos 7a

שבועות ז׳ ע״א

Shevuot 7a

Learn Shevuos 7a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shevuos 7a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Finding the source that the קרבן עולה ויורד for טומאה covers קדשים and the מקדש but not תרומה

Overview

This amud asks where we learn that the קרבן עולה ויורד for טומאה covers eating holy food (קדשים) and entering the מקדש while טמא, and not eating תרומה while טמא. The גמרא first notes that a sin without כרת can still bring this קרבן, so it tries to exclude תרומה with the word ״בה״. When ״בה״ could just as well exclude the מקדש, רבא praises רבי's deep reading and quotes his ברייתא. That ברייתא is a גזירה שוה on ״בהמה טמאה״ showing the פסוק is about טומאת קודש. A היקש then links the מקדש to קודש, but that would bring in תרומה too, and the reasoning over which case ״בה״ excludes cuts both ways. רבא tries to use the three mentions of כרת by שלמים, and the חכמי נהרדעי try the three mentions of טומאה. Both are rejected because those mentions are already needed for רבי אבהו (or, for רבי שמעון, the חטאת הפנימית). Finally רבא begins a new גזירה שוה on the word ״טומאתו״, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. ChallengeA sin without כרת can still bring a sliding-scale offering
2. ResolutionThe word ״בה״ excludes תרומה
3. ChallengeMaybe ״בה״ excludes the מקדש instead
4. Resolutionרבא praises רבי for his deep reading
5. ProofThe ברייתא of רבי: a word-link shows the פסוק is about eating קדשים while טמא
6. QuestionWhere do we learn entering the מקדש while טמא?
7. ResponseA היקש puts the מקדש together with קדשים
8. ChallengeThen תרומה should be included too
9. ResolutionThe word ״בה״ leaves out תרומה
10. ChallengeMaybe ״בה״ excludes the מקדש instead
11. ResolutionThe מקדש stays in because it has כרת, like קדשים
12. RejectionOn the contrary, תרומה is more similar because it involves eating
13. Proofרבא learns טומאת מקדש from the three mentions of כרת by שלמים
14. ChallengeThe third mention of כרת is needed for רבי אבהו's teaching
15. ChallengeEven for רבי שמעון the third mention is needed for the inner sin-offering
16. ProofThe Sages of Nehardea count three mentions of impurity
17. ProofThe extra mention is applied to the Temple
18. ChallengeThe word impurity is needed to go with each כרת
19. Proofרבא's new proof from the word "his impurity"