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Sotah 24a

סוטה כ״ד ע״א

Learn Sotah 24a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Which suspected wives (סוטה) drink and keep their כתובה, who can give the קינוי, and the sources for the ארוסה and שומרת יבם

Overview

The משנה finishes its list of women in forbidden marriages, who neither drink the bitter water nor collect their כתובה. It then teaches that if the woman herself blocks the test, she loses her כתובה, but if her husband blocks it, she keeps it. בית שמאי and בית הלל argue about a husband who died before his wife drank. The משנה adds disputed cases: a woman pregnant with or nursing another man's child, and a woman who cannot have children. All other women either drink or lose their כתובה, and even a כהן's wife and a סריס's wife drink. The משנה then teaches whom a husband can warn his wife about, and when the בית דין gives the קינוי in his place. The גמרא learns from a פסוק that an ארוסה and a שומרת יבם can receive a קינוי even though they do not drink. It shows that the משנה follows רבי יונתן against רבי יאשיה and explains their reasoning. It then begins to explain what רבי יונתן learns from 'איש איש', a list that continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל,

and a Gibeonite woman married to a Jew,

וּבַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַמְזֵר וּלְנָתִין —

and a Jewish woman married to a mamzer or a Gibeonite —

לֹא שׁוֹתוֹת וְלֹא נוֹטְלוֹת כְּתוּבָה.

they neither drink nor collect their marriage contract.

וְאֵלּוּ לֹא שׁוֹתוֹת

And these do not drink

The steps (19)

  1. StatementWomen in forbidden marriages neither drink nor collect
  2. StatementConfession, witnesses, or refusal to drink
  3. StatementWhen the husband blocks the test, she keeps her כתובה
  4. StatementHusband died before she drank: בית שמאי and בית הלל disagree
  5. StatementA woman pregnant or nursing from another man
  6. StatementA woman who cannot have children
  7. StatementAll other women, a כהן's wife, and a סריס's wife
  8. StatementWhich men a husband can warn his wife about
  9. StatementThe court warns when the husband cannot
  10. Statementרבי יוסי: the court's warning can lead to drinking
  11. QuestionThey do not drink, but can they be warned? What is the source?
  12. ResponseThe extra words 'and say' include them in the warning
  13. StatementThe משנה follows רבי יונתן
  14. Statementרבי יאשיה excludes only the ארוסה
  15. Proofרבי יונתן excludes both women
  16. StatementWhy רבי יונתן sees the ארוסה as more strongly bound
  17. StatementWhy רבי יאשיה sees the שומרת יבם as more strongly bound
  18. QuestionWhat does רבי יונתן learn from 'איש איש'?
  19. Response'איש איש' includes the wives of a חרש and a שוטה