Gemara Clarity

Temurah 5a

תמורה ה׳ ע״א

Learn Temurah 5a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Testing the מחלוקת of אביי and רבא (does a forbidden act still take effect?) against the cases of אונס, תרומה, and חרמים

Overview

Earlier in the סוגיא, אביי and רבא argued about an act the תורה forbids: if someone does it anyway, does it still work? אביי says it works. רבא says it does not, and the person still gets מלקות for breaking the תורה's word. The גמרא now tests both views on one case after another. First comes a ברייתא about an אונס who divorced his victim, which is used against רבא in one version and against אביי in another; both sides explain it with the words "כל ימיו". Next, תרומה from bad produce for good produce works even though it is forbidden, and רבא answers with רבי אילעא's פסוק about "bearing sin". Then תרומה from one type for another does not work, and אביי answers with the extra word "ראשית". Last, חרמים may not be redeemed and redemption fails, and אביי explains that "קדש קדשים הוא" means a חרם stays as it is. Each side keeps its general rule and treats the other side's cases as special exceptions taught by a פסוק.

Opening lines

מֵיתִיבִי:

They raised an objection:

אוֹנֵס שֶׁגֵּירֵשׁ,

A rapist who divorced [his victim],

אִם יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא

if he is an Israelite

מַחְזִיר וְאֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה,

he takes her back and is not flogged.

The steps (16)

  1. ChallengeA rapist who divorced is not flogged: a challenge to רבא
  2. Resolutionרבא answers: "all his days" keeps the obligation open
  3. ResponseWhat אביי learns from "all his days"
  4. ChallengeAnother version: the same ברייתא challenges אביי
  5. Resolutionאביי answers that the אונס case is special
  6. ResponseWhat רבא learns from "all his days"
  7. ChallengeA new case: separating תרומה from poor produce
  8. ChallengeThe משנה says the forbidden תרומה still works
  9. Resolutionרבא explains why bad-for-good תרומה works
  10. ResponseWhy אביי still needs the verse about sin
  11. ChallengeChallenge to אביי: תרומה from a different type of produce
  12. Resolutionאביי answers from the extra word ראשית
  13. ResponseWhat the word ראשית teaches according to רבא
  14. ResponseA second version of what ראשית teaches for רבא
  15. ChallengeChallenge to אביי from dedicated property that may not be redeemed
  16. Resolutionאביי's answer: the verse says חרמים stay as they are