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Yevamos 36a

יבמות ל״ו ע״א

Yevamot 36a

Learn Yevamos 36a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Yevamos 36a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Does ביאה or חליצה with a pregnant יבמה count? The dispute between רבי יוחנן and ריש לקיש, the sources for each side, and רבא's ruling like ריש לקיש.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing off a rejected answer: anyone fit for יבום is fit for חליצה, so the two cannot be split. רבא then rereads a ברייתא so that 'ביאה or חליצה with a pregnant woman does not count' applies only when the baby is viable, which fits רבי יוחנן. Another ברייתא backs רבא up, but its wording seems to refute ריש לקיש. The גמרא answers by rereading that ברייתא to fit ריש לקיש. רבי אלעזר tries to prove ריש לקיש from a משנה about a woman whose husband and צרה went overseas. That proof is rejected twice: once by giving the משנה a different reason (the worry about needing an announcement so she can marry a כהן), and once by אביי's close reading of its words. A ברייתא about a woman who miscarried after חליצה does support ריש לקיש. רבא then rules like ריש לקיש in three cases, and the amud begins the second case, about a father dividing his property as an inheritance or as a gift.

Opening lines

דְּכׇל הָעוֹלֶה לְיִבּוּם — עוֹלֶה לַחֲלִיצָה,

that anyone who is fit for levirate marriage is fit for chalitza,

וְכֹל שֶׁאֵין עוֹלֶה לְיִבּוּם — אֵינוֹ עוֹלֶה לַחֲלִיצָה.

and anyone who is not fit for levirate marriage is not fit for chalitza.

אֶלָּא אָמַר רָבָא, הָכִי קָאָמַר:

Rather, Rava said, this is what it is saying:

הַכּוֹנֵס יְבִמְתּוֹ וְנִמְצֵאת מְעוּבֶּרֶת —

One who marries his yevama, and she is found to be pregnant —

The steps (18)

  1. Rejectionיבום and חליצה go together
  2. Resolutionרבא rereads the ברייתא as talking about a viable baby
  3. ProofA ברייתא that matches רבא
  4. ChallengeDoes this ברייתא refute ריש לקיש?
  5. Resolutionריש לקיש rereads the ברייתא: the צרה may not marry
  6. ResolutionEven though most babies are viable, a baby frees only once born
  7. Proofרבי אלעזר finds a משנה hinting at ריש לקיש's view
  8. ProofWhy may she not do חליצה? Starting to analyze the משנה
  9. Proofרבי אלעזר finishes his proof: why not do חליצה during the nine months?
  10. RejectionEven on that view, she could do both after nine months
  11. ResolutionThe real reason for the משנה: she might end up needing an announcement
  12. ChallengeSo what? Just make the announcement
  13. ResolutionNot everyone hears the announcement
  14. Rejectionאביי rereads the משנה so it proves nothing
  15. ProofA ברייתא supports ריש לקיש
  16. Conclusionרבא rules like ריש לקיש in three cases
  17. StatementThe second case: dividing property by word of mouth
  18. StatementCalling it inheritance versus calling it a gift