Yevamos 48b

יבמות מ״ח ע״ב

Yevamot 48b

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Topic

The יפת תואר's mourning, keeping uncircumcised slaves according to רבי עקיבא, and why converts suffer

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the פסוק about the יפת תואר. רבי אליעזר and רבי עקיבא argue whether 'her father and her mother' means her real parents or her idols. The תנא קמא and רבי שמעון בן אלעזר then argue whether she waits thirty or ninety days, and רבינא's challenge to the ninety-day count stays unanswered. Next comes a ברייתא in which רבי ישמעאל allows keeping uncircumcised slaves and רבי עקיבא forbids it. They argue over the פסוק 'וינפש בן אמתך', which another ברייתא shows is about an uncircumcised slave. The גמרא then shows that even רבי עקיבא allows some cases: a slave who has not firmly refused מילה may be kept up to twelve months, and so may a slave bought on condition not to be circumcised. רבי עקיבא simply named one of several valid cases. A story about a city that waited twelve months before selling its slaves is traced to a ברייתא, where רבי שמעון בן אלעזר disagrees. Finally, a ברייתא gives four reasons why converts suffer, ending with a פסוק from רות.

Opening lines

The steps (33)

1. Statementרבי אליעזר: her real parents
2. Statementרבי עקיבא: her father and mother are the idol
3. StatementA month of days means thirty days
4. Statementרבי שמעון בן אלעזר: ninety days
5. Challengeרבינא: why not sixty for 'after that'?
6. ConclusionThe question stands
7. Statementרבי ישמעאל: you may keep uncircumcised slaves
8. Statementרבי עקיבא: you may not keep them
9. Challengeרבי ישמעאל's proof from the שבת פסוק
10. Resolutionרבי עקיבא: a slave bought just before שבת
11. StatementEveryone agrees the פסוק speaks about an uncircumcised slave
12. QuestionHow do we know the פסוק means an uncircumcised slave?
13. ResponseA ברייתא proves it from a second פסוק about slaves resting
14. StatementThe ברייתא continues: 'והגר' means a גר תושב
15. Statementרבי יהושע בן לוי: try for twelve months, then sell him
16. ChallengeThe רבנן ask: this can't fit רבי עקיבא
17. Resolutionרב פפא: רבי עקיבא forbids it only when the slave firmly refused
18. Challengeרב זביד asks why רבי עקיבא didn't use this case
19. Resolutionרבי עקיבא gave only one of two reasons
20. StatementA slave bought on condition not to be circumcised may be kept
21. ChallengeThe רבנן say this goes against רבי עקיבא
22. Resolutionרב פפא: a condition makes the difference even for רבי עקיבא
23. Challengeרב זביד asks the same question about the condition case
24. RejectionYour question hits your own view too
25. Resolutionרבי עקיבא gave one of two or three reasons
26. QuestionA city that kept unwilling slaves for twelve months
27. ResponseThe ברייתא that allows twelve months
28. Statementרבי שמעון בן אלעזר forbids keeping him in ארץ ישראל
29. StatementWhy converts suffer: they did not keep the seven Noahide laws
30. Rejectionרבי יוסי: a convert is like a newborn, so the reason is different
31. Statementאבא חנן: they serve from fear, not love
32. Statementאחרים: they waited too long to convert
33. ProofThe פסוק from רות about coming under His wings