Yevamos 97a

יבמות צ״ז ע״א

Yevamot 97a

Learn Yevamos 97a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Being quoted after death and the late-maturing twenty-year-old; then a new chapter on whether rape or seduction, unlike marriage, forbids a woman's relatives.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the story of רבי יוחנן. דוד's prayer to live in two worlds means being quoted in this world after death, because a quoted תלמיד חכם's lips move in the grave, like a pile of grapes that moves at a touch. The גמרא then returns to the משנה's twenty-year-old without two hairs. It resolves a contradiction with a ברייתא by limiting the ברייתא to someone who shows signs of a סריס. Without such signs, we wait until most of his years, and רבא would first have the person's weight adjusted. After the הדרן of האשה רבה, a new chapter begins: rape or seduction does not create the family prohibitions that marriage creates, and רבי יהודה disagrees about a woman one's father raped. The גמרא learns the rule from the Torah's word 'taking' and from רבא's reading of two פסוקים, where only marriage creates שאר. Finally it explains רבי יהודה's source, 'his father's skirt'. The רבנן instead read that פסוק as forbidding the father's יבמה, which adds extra לאוין or applies after the father's death.

Opening lines

The steps (37)

1. Resolutionדוד's prayer means being quoted in this world
2. ProofA quoted scholar's lips move in the grave
3. ProofThe פסוק behind the idea
4. StatementThe picture of a pile of grapes
5. StatementBack to the משנה: the nine-year-old and the twenty-year-old
6. ChallengeA ברייתא treats the twenty-year-old as a סריס
7. ResolutionThe ברייתא is only talking about someone who shows signs of a סריס
8. Proofרבא shows the ברייתא's own wording supports this answer
9. QuestionHow long do we wait if there are no signs of a סריס?
10. ResponseWe wait until most of his years
11. Statementרבא had people change the boy's weight before deciding
12. Conclusionהדרן — Closing פרק האשה רבה
13. StatementNew chapter: one may marry relatives of a woman he raped or seduced
14. Statementרבי יהודה forbids a woman his father raped or seduced
15. StatementThe משנה matches a ברייתא: raping a woman permits her daughter
16. ChallengeContradiction: a man rumored to be with a woman is forbidden to her relatives
17. ResolutionAnswer: that prohibition is only rabbinic
18. ChallengeChallenge: then why does the משנה allow marrying from the start?
19. ResolutionAnswer: the משנה speaks of marrying after the woman died
20. QuestionWhat is the source for this rule?
21. ResponseSource: the Torah says 'taking', not 'lying'
22. Challengeרב פפא asks: does 'taking' a sister also mean only marriage?
23. Resolutionאביי answers: 'taking' means whatever fits the case
24. Statementרבא's own proof begins: 'your' granddaughter is forbidden, 'hers' is not
25. Resolutionרבא settles two פסוקים: one is about rape, one is about marriage
26. ChallengeWhy not flip the two verses?
27. ResolutionMarriage creates family closeness; rape does not
28. Statementרבי יהודה's source for banning his father's raped woman
29. QuestionHow do we know the verse is about rape?
30. ResponseThe verse comes right after the rape section
31. RejectionThe רבנן: the verses are not really next to each other
32. Statementרב ענן: the verse is about the father's יבמה
33. ChallengeShe is already forbidden as his aunt
34. ResolutionThe פסוק adds a second לאו
35. ChallengeShe already has two לאוין without the פסוק
36. ResolutionThe פסוק adds a third לאו
37. ResolutionThe פסוק is talking about after the father dies