Yoma 73a

יומא ע״ג ע״א

Learn Yoma 73a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Yoma 73a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The garments and status of the משוח מלחמה, and how the אורים ותומים is consulted.

Overview

On the previous amud, רב דימי reported in רבי יוחנן's name that the משוח מלחמה does the עבודה in the eight garments of a כהן גדול. The גמרא tests this claim against several ברייתות. To the first one, רב נחמן בר יצחק answers that the son inherits only a position whose main purpose is the אוהל מועד, and the משוח מלחמה's anointing is mainly for war. To the second, which says he wears neither four nor eight garments, אביי answers that he does not wear eight because of איבה, and he cannot drop to four because of מעלין בקודש ולא מורידין. רב אדא בר אבא then brings a long ברייתא listing the differences between a כהן גדול and a כהן הדיוט, and argues that its תנא ignores איבה. The גמרא replies that איבה is felt only toward someone lower in rank, not toward an equal. Next comes a story in which רבי אמי and רבי אסי silently showed disagreement with this teaching. רבין then reports a different version: the משוח מלחמה wears the eight garments only when he is consulted through the אורים ותומים, and a ברייתא supports this. The amud ends with how the אורים ותומים is consulted: where each person faces, what they say, speaking quietly like חנה, and asking only one question at a time. The answer to the question about דוד's two questions continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. StatementThe פסוק limits inheritance to one fit to enter the אוהל מועד
2. ChallengeIf he wears eight garments, he should be fit to enter
3. ResolutionThe פסוק means one whose anointing is mainly for the אוהל מועד
4. ChallengeA ברייתא says he wears neither four nor eight garments
5. Resolutionאביי explains the two reasons behind the ruling
6. ChallengeA teacher who ignores animosity still keeps the war priest out of eight garments
7. ProofThe list of differences begins: קרבנות only a כהן גדול brings
8. ProofThe list continues: mourning, marriage, and the accidental killer
9. ProofThe list ends: mourning service, priority, eight garments, and יום כפור
10. ProofAll the laws apply to a כהן גדול of many garments (מרובה בגדים)
11. ProofAll the laws apply to a former כהן גדול (משוח שעבר)
12. ProofThe משוח מלחמה keeps only five laws
13. RejectionNo jealousy toward an equal, but jealousy toward someone lower
14. Statementרבי אמי and רבי אסי turn their faces away
15. StatementA second version: it was רבי חייא בר אבא
16. Challengeרב פפא: why would they stay silent to רבי חייא בר אבא?
17. Statementרבין: the teaching was about being consulted
18. ProofA ברייתא supports רבין
19. StatementHow the אורים ותומים is consulted
20. StatementWhat the asker says and what the כהן answers
21. Statementרבי יהודה: no need to say 'Thus says God'
22. StatementThe question is whispered, like חנה's prayer
23. StatementOnly one question at a time, and only the first is answered
24. ProofProof from דוד's two questions about קעילה
25. ChallengeBut דוד was answered on his second question
26. ResolutionThe answer begins: דוד asked