Yoma 9a

יומא ט׳ ע״א

Learn Yoma 9a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The bakers' exemptions from tithing דמאי, the short terms of the מקדש שני's כהנים גדולים, and why שילה was destroyed

Overview

This amud finishes the גמרא's discussion of bakers (נחתומים) who bought דמאי grain from an עם הארץ. They need not separate תרומה גדולה, because יוחנן כהן גדול found that everyone already separated it. They need not give מעשר ראשון or מעשר עני, because a לוי or poor person must prove the grain was untithed (המוציא מחבירו עליו הראיה). The גמרא then challenges: why not require מעשר שני, which goes to no one else? עולא answers that government officials (פרהדרין, explained as פורסי) pressured the bakers all year to sell cheaply, so the רבנן did not burden them further. Next, רבי יוחנן reads a פסוק in משלי as a contrast. The מקדש ראשון stood 410 years with only 18 כהנים גדולים, while the מקדש שני stood 420 years with over 300, so apart from a few צדיקים, none of them finished a year. Finally, רבי יוחנן בן תורתא teaches that שילה was destroyed for גילוי עריות and בזיון קדשים, and the גמרא brings a פסוק about בני עלי. It then notes רבי יוחנן's view that בני עלי did not literally sin, and begins an explanation that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (11)

1. ResponseWhy bakers need not separate תרומה גדולה
2. StatementWhy bakers need not give מעשר ראשון or מעשר עני
3. ChallengeWhy not require מעשר שני?
4. Resolutionעולא: the bakers were already pressured by officials
5. QuestionDefining the word פרהדרין
6. StatementThe מקדש ראשון had few, long-serving כהנים גדולים
7. StatementThe second half of the פסוק describes the מקדש שני
8. ProofDoing the math: most כהנים גדולים didn't last a year
9. StatementWhy שילה was destroyed: two sins
10. Proofפסוק proving גילוי עריות at שילה
11. ChallengeAcknowledging the view that בני עלי did not sin