Gemara Clarity

Zevachim 20a

זבחים כ׳ ע״א

Learn Zevachim 20a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 20a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whether קידוש ידים ורגלים and the כיור water are affected by לינה (staying overnight)

Overview

The amud opens by finishing an explanation: a פסוק teaches that even services that do not hold back כפרה need קידוש ידים ורגלים. Then אילפא asks a question according to רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון, who holds that washing is not undone overnight: does the water in the כיור become disqualified by לינה? One report says אילפא tied the water to the same dispute. רבי יצחק בר ביסנא objects. The tradition he knew from אילפא, 'the next day he does not wash from it,' was unclear, and the scholars never resolved it. The גמרא tries to prove the answer from the משנה about בן קטין's device for the כיור, but shows that this משנה can follow רבי. The bull's location in that משנה is explained by the weakness of the כהן גדול. Next, רבי יוחנן rules that washing for the pre-dawn תרומת הדשן still counts after dawn. אביי explains this according to רבי, and רבא explains it according to רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון. The amud ends as the גמרא begins an objection from a משנה in תמיד, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא:

You might have said:

הָנֵי מִילֵּי – עֲבוֹדָה דִּמְעַכְּבָא כַּפָּרָה,

this applies only to a service that holds back atonement,

אֲבָל עֲבוֹדָה דְּלָא מְעַכְּבָא כַּפָּרָה – לָא;

but a service that does not hold back atonement does not need it;

קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן.

so it teaches us otherwise.

The steps (20)

  1. ResolutionEven a service that does not hold back atonement needs washing
  2. QuestionDoes the Basin water become disqualified overnight?
  3. Responseאילפא answers: the water follows the same dispute
  4. Challengeרבי יצחק בר ביסנא questions the report
  5. StatementA different version: the water is good only for that night
  6. ChallengeWe Never Resolved This, So How Can You?
  7. ProofProof from בן קטין's Device for the כיור
  8. RejectionNo, the משנה Follows רבי
  9. ChallengeThe First Part Follows רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון, So the Later Part Should Too
  10. ProofShowing the First Part Follows רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון
  11. ProofA ברייתא defines how far the north area reaches
  12. Rejectionרבי also includes the area between the אולם and the מזבח
  13. ResolutionRephrasing the proof: why not the walking areas?
  14. ChallengeThe same question hits רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון
  15. RejectionThe bull stays close to spare the weak כהן גדול
  16. StatementWashing before dawn carries over into the day
  17. ChallengeWhose view does this ruling follow?
  18. ResolutionIt follows רבי, because the overnight rule is only rabbinic
  19. ResolutionIt follows רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון, but only for the start of service
  20. ChallengeAn objection from the morning washing described in the משנה in תמיד