Zevachim 44b

זבחים מ״ד ע״ב

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Topic

פיגול for the מצורע's oil and for נסכים, the gifts of the כהנים learned from במדבר 18:9, and רבי יוסי הגלילי's rule that פיגול in the inner offerings needs outside thoughts about outside acts.

Overview

The גמרא first shows that even רבי מאיר agrees a לוג of oil brought by itself, apart from the מצורע's אשם, cannot become פיגול. רבי ירמיה then fits the ברייתא about פיגול to רבי מאיר by removing נסכים from its list. אביי keeps the list as it is and explains that it means נסכים brought by themselves. Next, the גמרא asks for the source that the כהנים eat a חטאת העוף. It answers with לוי's ברייתא on במדבר 18:9, where each word 'כל' adds another gift for the כהנים: the מצורע's oil, the עומר and סוטה offerings, the חטאת העוף, and the אשם נזיר. The ברייתא also adds גזל הגר and teaches that these gifts fully belong to the כהן. Then a ברייתא of רבי אלעזר in the name of רבי יוסי הגלילי teaches that for the inner offerings, פיגול works only when both the thought and the act are outside. רבי יהושע בן לוי learns this from a הקש to the שלמים, and רב rules that the הלכה follows this view. The amud ends as רבא begins a new statement.

Opening lines

The steps (22)

1. ChallengeThe לוג of oil brought by itself is a problem
2. Proofרבי מאיר says the מצורע's oil can become פיגול
3. Proofרבי מאיר meant only oil brought with the offering
4. Resolutionרבי ירמיה: remove נסכים from the list
5. Resolutionאביי: keep the text and read it carefully
6. StatementNew line of the משנה: the bird sin offering
7. QuestionWhat is the source?
8. StatementEvery offering of theirs includes the leper's log of oil
9. StatementEvery meal offering of theirs includes the עומר and the סוטה's offering
10. ResponseEvery sin offering of theirs includes the bird sin offering
11. StatementEvery guilt offering of theirs includes the נזיר's and מצורע's guilt offerings
12. ChallengeWhy include the leper's guilt offering if the verse already says it?
13. ResolutionThe verse really adds the נזיר's guilt offering
14. StatementStolen property of a convert, and the priest's full ownership
15. StatementA third view: intent about outside acts makes פיגול, about inside acts does not
16. StatementFirst example: standing outside, thinking about the inside sprinkling
17. StatementSecond example: standing inside, thinking about outside acts
18. StatementOutside thought about an outside act does make פיגול
19. QuestionWhat is the source? A פסוק that seems to teach nothing
20. ResponseThe פסוק compares the פר כהן משיח to the שלמים for פיגול
21. ConclusionThe הלכה follows רבי אלעזר in the name of רבי יוסי
22. Statementרבא begins a new statement