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Zevachim 67a

זבחים ס״ז ע״א

Learn Zevachim 67a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Zevachim 67a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whether מעילה applies to an עולת העוף offered below the line as a חטאת, and whether such a bird actually turns into a different offering.

Overview

The משנה deals with a bird burnt offering (עולת העוף) that the כהן offered below the red line, in the manner and for the sake of a bird sin offering (חטאת העוף). רבי אליעזר says one is still liable for מעילה with it, and רבי יהושע says one is not. רבי אליעזר brings proofs from most-sacred offerings slaughtered as lesser offerings, and from an אשם slaughtered as a שלמים. רבי יהושע rejects each one by showing the bird changed more: its name, its place, and its procedure. רבא asks why רבי אליעזר did not answer with an אשם that also had a change of owner. He concludes that רבי אליעזר accepted רבי יהושע's reasoning: such a bird actually becomes a חטאת העוף once one סימן is pinched. The גמרא then asks whether a bird חטאת done as an עולה should likewise become an עולה. One answer says yes, reading רבי בנאה as speaking about the whole משנה. רב אשי disagrees and explains why the switch works only from עולה to חטאת. The amud ends by quoting רבי יהושע's rule again under the heading גופא, to begin discussing it directly.

Opening lines

אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

Rabbi Eliezer said to him:

וַהֲרֵי קׇדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים שֶׁשְּׁחָטָן בַּדָּרוֹם

But look at most-sacred offerings that one slaughtered in the south

וּשְׁחָטָן לְשֵׁם קֳדָשִׁים קַלִּים יוֹכִיחוּ –

and slaughtered them for the sake of lesser-sanctity offerings; they will prove it

שֶׁכֵּן שִׁינָּה אֶת שְׁמָם

for there he changed their name

The steps (14)

  1. Proofרבי אליעזר's proof from most-sacred offerings slaughtered as lesser offerings
  2. Rejectionרבי יהושע rejects the proof: lesser offerings still have forbidden parts
  3. ProofIn a ברייתא, רבי אליעזר brings a proof from a guilt offering slaughtered as a peace offering
  4. Rejectionרבי יהושע rejects the guilt offering proof: the bird offering also changed its place
  5. ProofAn אשם slaughtered in the south as a שלמים
  6. RejectionThe אשם kept its procedure but the bird עולה did not
  7. ChallengeWhy not an אשם with a change of owner too?
  8. Conclusionרבי אליעזר accepted that the bird becomes a חטאת העוף
  9. ChallengeShould a bird sin offering also turn into a burnt offering?
  10. Challengeרבי בנאה seems to limit the rule to the case in the משנה
  11. RejectionNo, רבי בנאה meant the whole משנה
  12. Resolutionרב אשי: why a burnt offering below the line becomes a sin offering
  13. Resolutionרב אשי: why a sin offering cannot become a burnt offering
  14. StatementRestating רבי יהושע's rule about a bird burnt offering that becomes a sin offering