Gemara Clarity

Arachin 3b

ערכין ג׳ ע״ב

Arakhin 3b

Learn Arachin 3b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Arachin 3b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

What the word הַכֹּל adds: moving to ארץ ישראל and ירושלים, and why כהנים are obligated in סוכה, ציצית, תפילין and שופר

Overview

The גמרא goes through several teachings that begin with the word הַכֹּל ('everyone') and asks what each one adds. It first finishes the משנה about moving to ארץ ישראל and ירושלים. 'Everyone' includes slaves, a move from a nice home to a poor one, a runaway slave who reached ארץ ישראל, and the rule that a family may not be forced out of ירושלים even to a better home. Then it brings a series of ברייתות saying that כהנים, לוים and ישראלים are all obligated in סוכה, ציצית, תפילין and שופר. Each time the גמרא asks 'isn't that obvious?' and explains why we might have exempted כהנים: they are busy with the עבודה, they may wear כלאים, they cannot wear hand תפילין, or they blow all year. Each mistaken idea is rejected: the exemption covers only the time of the עבודה, or hand and head תפילין are separate מצוות. For שופר, the first reason is pushed off because trumpets are not a שופר. A new reason, linking ראש השנה to יובל, begins and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

לְאֵתוֹיֵי עֲבָדִים,

To include slaves,

וּלְמַאן דְּתָנֵי עֲבָדִים בְּהֶדְיָא,

And according to the one who teaches slaves explicitly,

לְאֵתוֹיֵי מַאי?

what does it come to include?

לְאֵתוֹיֵי מִנָּוֶה הַיָּפָה לְנָוֶה הָרָעָה.

To include moving from a pleasant home to a poor home.

The steps (29)

  1. ResponseThe word 'everyone' comes to include slaves
  2. QuestionWhat if slaves are already listed openly?
  3. ResponseEven from a nice home to a poor one
  4. StatementA runaway slave cannot be taken out of ארץ ישראל
  5. StatementMoving up to ירושלים, even to a worse home
  6. QuestionWhat does 'not taking out of ירושלים' add?
  7. ResponseNot even from a poor home to a nice one
  8. StatementEveryone is obligated in סוכה
  9. ChallengeIsn't that obvious?
  10. ResolutionWhy we might have exempted כהנים from סוכה
  11. Resolutionכהנים are exempt only while serving, like travelers
  12. StatementEveryone, including כהנים, must wear ציצית
  13. ChallengeIsn't that obvious?
  14. ResolutionWhy we might have exempted כהנים from ציצית
  15. Resolutionכהנים are permitted כלאים only during the עבודה
  16. StatementEveryone is obligated in תפילין
  17. ChallengeIsn't that obvious?
  18. ResolutionThe פסוק links hand and head תפילין
  19. Resolutionכהנים cannot wear hand תפילין during the עבודה
  20. ResolutionHand and head תפילין do not depend on each other
  21. ChallengeWhy is the head different from the hand?
  22. ResolutionThere was room for תפילין between the ציץ and the מצנפת
  23. StatementEveryone is obligated in שופר
  24. ChallengeIsn't that obvious?
  25. ResolutionThe ברייתא needed to mention כהנים
  26. Resolutionכהנים blow all year, so we might think they are exempt
  27. ChallengeTrumpets are not a שופר
  28. ResolutionNew reason: ראש השנה is linked to יובל
  29. Proofכהנים are not fully part of the laws of יובל