Gemara Clarity

Arachin 3a

ערכין ג׳ ע״א

Arakhin 3a

Learn Arachin 3a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Arachin 3a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

What the word הכל ('everyone') comes to include in a long series of rulings, from מגילה and זימון to טומאה, פרה אדומה, שחיטה and moving to ארץ ישראל

Overview

The גמרא goes through a long list of rulings that begin with the word הכל ('everyone'). For each one it asks לאתויי מאי: whom does 'everyone' come to include? Reading the מגילה includes women, and being obligated in זימון includes women and slaves. Being counted toward a זימון includes a קטן who knows to Whom we bless. For זיבה, even a one-day-old baby becomes impure; רבי יהודה learns this from 'איש איש', and רבי ישמעאל learns it from 'לזכר ולנקבה', holding that דברה תורה כלשון בני אדם. For טמא מת and נגעים a child is included, and the גמרא explains what the word איש teaches in each case: no כרת for a child, and only a man tears his clothes and grows his hair. It goes on to inspecting נגעים, mixing and sprinkling the פרה אדומה water, and שחיטה. The amud ends by asking what הכל adds in the rule about moving to ארץ ישראל, and the answer comes on the next amud.

Opening lines

מַאי?

what?

לְאֵתוֹיֵי נָשִׁים,

To include women,

וְכִדְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי,

and this is in line with Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi,

דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי:

as Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said:

The steps (33)

  1. ResponseReading the מגילה includes women
  2. QuestionWhat does 'everyone is obligated in זימון' add?
  3. ResponseWomen and slaves can form their own זימון
  4. QuestionWhat does 'everyone joins a זימון' add?
  5. ResponseA child who knows to Whom we bless is counted
  6. QuestionWhat does 'everyone becomes impure through זיבה' add?
  7. ResponseEven a one-day-old baby can become a זב
  8. StatementAnother source: 'male or female' includes young and old
  9. QuestionThen why does the Torah double 'man, man'?
  10. ResponseThe Torah speaks the way people speak
  11. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for impurity from a dead body?
  12. ResponseIt adds a child, learned from 'the people who were there'
  13. ChallengeThen what does the word 'man' leave out?
  14. Resolution'Man' exempts a child from כרת
  15. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for נגעים?
  16. ResponseIt adds a child, even though the פסוק says 'man'
  17. ChallengeMaybe a child really is not made impure by נגעים
  18. ResolutionThe word אדם includes everyone
  19. ChallengeThen why does the פסוק say איש
  20. ResolutionA ברייתא: the word צרוע adds a woman
  21. Resolutionאיש teaches that only a man tears his clothes and grows his hair
  22. QuestionWhat does 'everyone may inspect נגעים' add
  23. Responseהכל includes someone who is not an expert in נגעים
  24. ChallengeBut a non-expert may not inspect נגעים
  25. ResolutionTwo kinds of non-experts
  26. QuestionWhat does 'everyone may mix the ashes' include?
  27. ResponseA minor or a woman, depending on the opinion
  28. ProofThe משנה that shows both opinions
  29. QuestionWhat does 'everyone may sprinkle' include?
  30. ResponseIt includes an uncircumcised man
  31. QuestionWhat does 'everyone may slaughter' include?
  32. ResponseA כותי and an apostate Jew
  33. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add in the rule about moving to the Land of Israel?