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Arachin 2b

ערכין ב׳ ע״ב

Arakhin 2b

Learn Arachin 2b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Arachin 2b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

How רבי יהודה reads the extra words about סמיכה and תמורה, and who the word 'הכל' adds in a series of rulings about מצוות

Overview

The amud opens by finishing רבי יהודה's view that an heir does not do סמיכה or תמורה. The גמרא shows how he reads the three mentions of 'קרבנו'. It also shows that he uses 'המר ימיר' to include a woman in תמורה, while the רבנן learn the woman from the extra 'ו' in 'ואם'. Then the גמרא goes through a list of rulings that begin with 'הכל' (everyone) and asks who that word adds. For סוכה, לולב, ציצית and תפילין, it adds a קטן who is ready for that מצוה. For ראייה, it adds a person who is half slave and half free. Since רבינא exempts that person, the גמרא offers two other ways to explain the word: either it adds someone blind in one eye, against רבי יהודה, or the two rulings come from an earlier and a later version of a משנה, after בית הלל accepted בית שמאי's view. For שופר, 'הכל' adds a child who has reached חינוך. The amud ends as the גמרא begins the same question about the מגילה, and the answer comes on the next amud.

Opening lines

גּוֹי וַחֲבֵירוֹ מֵחַד קְרָא נָפְקִי,

A gentile and his fellow are derived from one verse,

אִיַּיתַּרִי לְהוּ תְּרֵי:

two are left over for him:

חַד ״קׇרְבָּנוֹ״ וְלֹא קׇרְבַּן אָבִיו,

one: 'his offering,' and not his father's offering,

וְאִידָּךְ לְרַבּוֹת כׇּל בַּעֲלֵי חוֹבְרִין לִסְמִיכָה.

and the other is to include all partners in placing hands.

The steps (28)

  1. ResolutionHow רבי יהודה uses the three mentions of 'his offering'
  2. QuestionWhat does רבי יהודה do with 'המר ימיר'?
  3. ResponseIt includes a woman
  4. ProofA ברייתא shows that 'המר ימיר' includes a woman
  5. QuestionWhere do the רבנן learn a woman from?
  6. ResponseFrom the extra 'and' in 'ואם'
  7. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for סוכה?
  8. ResponseA child who no longer needs his mother
  9. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for לולב?
  10. ResponseIt adds a child who knows how to shake the לולב
  11. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for ציצית?
  12. ResponseIt adds a child who knows how to wrap himself in a garment
  13. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for תפילין?
  14. ResponseIt adds a child who knows how to guard תפילין
  15. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for ראייה?
  16. ResponseIt adds a person who is half slave and half free
  17. ResponseAccording to רבינא, 'הכל' includes a lame man who was healed on the second day
  18. ChallengeThat answer only works if every festival day is its own full obligation
  19. Resolution'הכל' includes one who is blind in one eye
  20. Statementרבי יהודה's view: one blind in one eye is exempt
  21. ResolutionGoing back: 'הכל' does include the half-slave, using two versions of the משנה
  22. ProofThe first version: בית הלל say the half-slave splits his days
  23. Challengeבית שמאי object: the half-slave cannot marry anyone
  24. ConclusionThe later version: the master is forced to free him, and בית הלל agree
  25. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for blowing the שופר?
  26. ResponseIt includes a child old enough for training
  27. ProofSupport: we don't stop children from blowing
  28. QuestionWhat does 'everyone' add for reading the מגילה?