Bava Basra 97a

בבא בתרא צ״ז ע״א

Bava Batra 97a

Learn Bava Basra 97a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

תמד and wine status: מעשר, ברכה, batches of pomace for תרומה, מעשר and הקדש, הכשר, and wine fit for קידוש

Overview

The גמרא defends רבא against a משנה about תמד and מעשר. It explains that the משנה chose the equal-volume case only to show how far רבי יהודה goes. רב חייא בר אבין rules that a pomace drink with a wine taste is not wine, only a sour drink. A ברייתא then counts how many soakings of pomace keep the status of the original wine: one batch for מעשר, two for תרומה, three for הקדש. In each case רבי מאיר says the drink stays forbidden as long as it still tastes of wine. A second ברייתא seems to contradict this, and the גמרא answers by splitting the cases: קדושת הגוף versus קדושת דמים, and certain מעשר versus דמאי. רבי יוחנן applies the same batch counting to הכשר, and the גמרא narrows his case step by step, ending with רב פפא's cow that drank the batches. Finally רב rules that קידוש is said only over wine fit for the מזבח. The גמרא asks what this excludes, tries fresh wine from the press, and challenges that suggestion from רבי חייא; the discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (21)

1. ChallengeA משנה seems to limit the dispute to the equal-volume case
2. ResolutionThey argue in both cases; the משנה shows the strength of רבי יהודה
3. QuestionDoes תמד that tastes like wine count as wine?
4. ResponseIt is not wine, just a sour drink
5. StatementPomace of תרומה: first and second batches forbidden, third permitted
6. Statementרבי מאיר: even the third batch is forbidden if it tastes of wine
7. StatementWatered pomace of second tithe: first batch forbidden, second permitted
8. StatementWatered pomace of consecrated wine: up to the third forbidden, fourth permitted
9. ChallengeA different teaching contradicts both rulings
10. ResolutionConsecrated pomace: inherent holiness versus value holiness
11. ResolutionTithe pomace: certain tithe versus doubtful produce
12. StatementThe same counting applies to making food susceptible to impurity
13. ChallengeWhy does it matter for הכשר whether תמד is wine or water?
14. ResolutionThe case is תמד made with rainwater
15. ChallengePutting the rainwater into the vessel shows he wanted it
16. ResolutionThe תמד formed on its own
17. ChallengeDrawing off each batch shows he wants the water
18. Resolutionרב פפא: a cow drank the batches
19. Statementרב: קידוש only on wine fit for the מזבח
20. QuestionWhat does רב's rule leave out?
21. ChallengeFresh wine from the press cannot be what is excluded