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Bava Kamma 2b

בבא קמא ב׳ ע״ב

Learn Bava Kamma 2b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The אבות and תולדות of damage by an ox: קרן, its sub-types, and the sources for שן and רגל

Overview

The גמרא finishes its example from טומאה, where the תולדות are weaker than their אבות, and asks how it works in damages. רב פפא answers that in damages some תולדות are like their אבות and some are not. A ברייתא lists the three אבות of an ox: קרן, שן and רגל. The גמרא proves from two פסוקים that 'goring' means using a horn, and explains that the second פסוק shows the difference between תם and מועד applies to an attached horn too. It then lists the תולדות of קרן: pushing, biting, crouching and kicking. Along the way it learns from the words יגח and יגף that an ox מועד for people is מועד for animals, but not the other way around. Since the תולדות of קרן are fully like קרן, רב פפא must have meant שן and רגל. The גמרא begins bringing the פסוקים for רגל and שן, and the second proof continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

וּטְמֵא מֵת.

and one who is impure from a dead body.

תּוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן לָאו כַּיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶן;

Their offshoots are not like them;

דְּאִילּוּ אָב – מְטַמֵּא אָדָם וְכֵלִים,

for a primary source makes a person and vessels impure,

וְאִילּוּ תּוֹלָדוֹת – אוֹכָלִין וּמַשְׁקִין מְטַמֵּא,

while offshoots make food and drink impure,

The steps (28)

  1. StatementIn טומאה the offshoots are weaker than the primary sources
  2. QuestionWhat about damages?
  3. Responseרב פפא: some are like their sources, some are not
  4. StatementThree primary kinds of damage by an ox
  5. QuestionWhere do we learn קרן from?
  6. Response'If it gores' means with a horn, proven from צדקיה
  7. ProofA second פסוק: horns used to gore nations
  8. QuestionWhy did the ברייתא need a second verse?
  9. ResponseFirst answer: a תורה law cannot be learned from נביאים
  10. RejectionThis is only revealing a fact, not learning a law
  11. ResolutionSecond answer: the second verse shows an attached horn has the תם and מועד difference too
  12. StatementThe sub-types of goring
  13. ChallengeWhy is goring a main category but pushing is not?
  14. ResolutionThe pushing in the פסוק is really goring
  15. ProofProof: the פסוק starts with pushing and ends with goring
  16. QuestionThen why two different words?
  17. ResponseA person can protect himself, an animal cannot
  18. StatementA side lesson: forewarned for people means forewarned for animals
  19. ChallengeShouldn't biting belong under eating?
  20. ResolutionEating brings pleasure; biting does not
  21. ChallengeShouldn't crouching and kicking belong under trampling?
  22. ResolutionTrampling is common; crouching and kicking are not
  23. QuestionSo which category did רב פפא mean?
  24. ChallengeCould רב פפא have meant קרן? No
  25. Responseרב פפא meant שן and רגל
  26. QuestionWhere are שן and רגל written in the תורה?
  27. Response"ושלח" teaches רגל
  28. Proof"ובער" teaches שן