Beitzah 17b

ביצה י״ז ע״ב

Learn Beitzah 17b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Beitzah 17b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Food cooked without an עירוב תבשילין, how many dishes the עירוב needs, and immersing before a יום טוב that falls after שבת

Overview

The amud opens with a question: if someone cooked or baked on יום טוב for שבת without an עירוב תבשילין, may the food be eaten? The גמרא tries many proofs that the food is forbidden: the ברייתא's silence, a ruling about הערמה, and cases of tithing, immersing vessels, and cooking on שבת done on purpose. Each proof is pushed away. A ברייתא teaches only permitted solutions, הערמה is treated more strictly, the strict ברייתא may follow בית שמאי, and in the other cases the loss is small or שבת is more severe. So the question is not decided. Next the גמרא brings רבי שמעון בן אלעזר's different version of the dispute between בית שמאי and בית הלל about two dishes. רבא rules like our משנה and בית הלל: one cooked dish is enough. אביי adds that if you began your dough and the עירוב was eaten afterward, you may finish. A new משנה then discusses immersing people and vessels when יום טוב falls right after שבת. The גמרא begins asking why vessels may not be immersed on שבת. רבה starts to answer that it is a גזרה, and his answer continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (23)

1. ProofIf baking anyway were allowed, the ברייתא should have said so
2. RejectionThe ברייתא teaches only permitted solutions
3. ProofA new ברייתא: the rules when the עירוב is eaten
4. ProofFood made through trickery is forbidden
5. RejectionTrickery is treated more strictly than sinning on purpose
6. Rejectionרב נחמן בר יצחק: That ברייתא follows חנניה's view of בית שמאי
7. ProofThe ברייתא showing how strict בית שמאי are about עירוב תבשילין
8. ProofNew proof from a משנה about tithing produce on שבת
9. RejectionRejection: He has other produce to eat
10. ProofAnother proof: immersing vessels on שבת
11. RejectionThe vessels case is different: he has other vessels or can borrow
12. ProofAnother proof: cooking on שבת by mistake versus on purpose
13. Rejectionשבת is a stricter prohibition
14. StatementOur משנה does not follow this other תנא
15. Statementרבי שמעון בן אלעזר's version of the dispute
16. StatementBoth agree when the egg or leeks are mixed into the fish
17. Conclusionרבא rules like our משנה and בית הלל
18. StatementIf the עירוב is eaten after you started, you may finish
19. StatementImmersing when יום טוב falls right after שבת
20. StatementWhere both sides agree about purifying on שבת and יום טוב
21. StatementEveryone agrees: no immersing vessels on שבת
22. QuestionWhy can't vessels be immersed on שבת?
23. Responseרבה begins: it is a rabbinic decree