Gemara Clarity

Beitzah 19a

ביצה י״ט ע״א

Learn Beitzah 19a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Beitzah 19a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Immersing vessels at twilight and for a new purpose on יום טוב; which קרבנות may be brought on יום טוב and whether one may do סמיכה on them

Overview

The amud opens by finishing an earlier discussion: the משנה can follow the רבנן if the whole משנה is about שבת. Next comes a ברייתא. The תנא קמא forbids immersing a טמא vessel at בין השמשות before יום טוב, and רבי שמעון שזורי forbids it even on a weekday because the vessel needs הערב שמש. The scholars of רב's study hall say the two argue about whether a man running to immerse at twilight shows he knows about הערב שמש. רבא disagrees and says the dispute is about an owner who doesn't know the lentil-size rule for a שרץ. A ברייתא then explains the משנה's words 'מגב לגב' and 'מחבורה לחבורה': an extra immersion for a new purpose is allowed on יום טוב. A new משנה brings the dispute between בית שמאי and בית הלל about bringing שלמים and עולות on יום טוב and doing סמיכה on them. עולא limits the dispute to festival offerings and says everyone forbids נדרים ונדבות. A ברייתא of רבי שמעון בן אלעזר challenges him; the גמרא answers by fixing its wording, and רב יוסף answers instead that it is a dispute among תנאים, bringing another ברייתא as proof.

Opening lines

וְאִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא רַבָּנַן,

And if you wish, say: it follows the Rabbis,

וְכוּלַּהּ מַתְנִיתִין בְּשַׁבָּת.

and the entire mishna is speaking about Shabbat.

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: כְּלִי שֶׁנִּטְמָא מֵעֶרֶב יוֹם טוֹב —

The Sages taught: a vessel that became impure on the eve of a Festival —

אֵין מַטְבִּילִין אוֹתוֹ בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת.

one may not immerse it during twilight.

The steps (23)

  1. ResolutionA second explanation: the משנה follows the רבנן and is about שבת
  2. StatementA ברייתא: no immersing at twilight before יום טוב
  3. Statementרבי שמעון שזורי: not even on a weekday, because of sunset
  4. ChallengeDoesn't the first opinion also need sunset?
  5. Resolutionרבא reports the view of רב's study hall: the dispute is whether intention shows from actions
  6. QuestionWhat is the case?
  7. ResponseA man running at twilight to immerse his vessel
  8. ResponseHow each side reads the running man
  9. Resolutionרבא's own explanation: a man who doesn't know the lentil-size rule
  10. ResolutionThe two views on the man who asked
  11. QuestionWhat does 'from one back to another' mean?
  12. ResponseThe ברייתא begins: the winepress and the pitcher
  13. ResponseThe reverse case: pitcher on top of winepress
  14. ResponseExplaining 'from one group to another'
  15. StatementNew משנה: peace offerings and burnt offerings on יום טוב
  16. Statementעולא limits the dispute to the holiday's required offerings
  17. StatementThe פסוק behind each side
  18. StatementEveryone agrees: vow and gift offerings are not brought on the festival
  19. Proofרב אדא בר אהבה says the same
  20. ChallengeA ברייתא seems to say בית הלל allow non-festival peace offerings
  21. ResolutionFixing the ברייתא's wording to match עולא
  22. Resolutionרב יוסף: This is simply a dispute between תנאים
  23. ProofA ברייתא where the dispute is only about festival peace-offerings