Gemara Clarity

Beitzah 36a

ביצה ל״ו ע״א

Learn Beitzah 36a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Beitzah 36a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Comparing שבת and יום טוב limits on moving produce, and whether one may cover items that are not usable on שבת

Overview

The גמרא compares the strictness of שבת and יום טוב using two rules. One rule is about clearing sacks on שבת to make room for guests or learning. The other is about lowering produce from a roof on יום טוב. It asks whether each limit carries over to the other day, such as emptying everything, moving from roof to roof, or using ropes and ladders. For each question it argues both ways, and the rope-and-ladder question ends in תיקו. Next the גמרא turns to the משנה's permission to cover produce. עולא allows covering even bricks. רבי יצחק allows covering only usable items, because a כלי may be moved only for something that may itself be moved. Proofs from the משנה's wording are pushed aside. Then challenges against רבי יצחק come from a leak, bricks, stones and a beehive, and each is answered by showing the item is really usable. The beehive answer leads to a long back-and-forth about honey in winter, planning ahead, and whether the ברייתא follows רבי יהודה or רבי שמעון. The גמרא settles that it follows רבי יהודה, about a hive with side openings, and starts correcting the ברייתא's wording, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

הָתָם תְּנַן

There we learned:

״אֲבָל לֹא אֶת הָאוֹצָר״,

"But not the storeroom."

וְאָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל:

And Shmuel said:

מַאי ״אֲבָל לֹא אֶת הָאוֹצָר״

What does "but not the storeroom" mean?

The steps (35)

  1. StatementThe storeroom rule on שבת, explained by שמואל
  2. QuestionDoes the storeroom limit also apply on יום טוב?
  3. StatementLowering produce on יום טוב is allowed only on the same roof
  4. ProofA ברייתא supports רב נחמן
  5. QuestionDoes the roof-to-roof limit also apply on שבת?
  6. QuestionThe other side: maybe שבת is even stricter
  7. QuestionNew question: ropes and ladders for the sacks on שבת?
  8. QuestionThe other side again, and the question stays open
  9. Statementעולא: covering is allowed even for bricks
  10. Statementרבי יצחק: only produce that is fit for use
  11. Proofרבי יצחק is consistent with his own rule
  12. ProofA proof from the משנה's word 'produce'
  13. Rejection'Produce' was only said to match the first clause
  14. ProofA second proof from wine jugs and oil jugs
  15. RejectionThe jugs hold untithed wine and oil
  16. ProofWhy the טבל reading makes sense
  17. RejectionThe jugs were needed to teach about a small loss
  18. ChallengeChallenge from the משנה about a bucket under a leak
  19. ResolutionThe leak water is usable
  20. ChallengeChallenge from covering bricks
  21. ResolutionLeftover bricks can be sat on
  22. ChallengeChallenge from covering stones
  23. ResolutionRounded stones for the bathroom
  24. ChallengeChallenge from covering a beehive
  25. ResolutionThe hive has honey in it
  26. ChallengeWhat about the rainy season, when there is no honey?
  27. ResolutionThe two honeycombs left in winter
  28. ChallengeThose two honeycombs are מוקצה
  29. ResolutionHe planned beforehand to take them
  30. ChallengeWhy didn't the ברייתא state this condition?
  31. ResolutionEven when he planned, he must not mean to trap
  32. ChallengeThe ברייתא now follows two different תנאים
  33. ChallengeEven רבי שמעון forbids an act whose result is certain
  34. ResolutionThe whole ברייתא follows רבי יהודה: the hive has extra openings
  35. ResolutionThe wording 'provided he does not intend to trap' cannot stand for רבי יהודה